Cases of relatively safe dental implant treatment in patients with low-volume bisphosphonate (BP) have been gradually reported. Although bone augmentation is commonly used when the bone volume is insufficient for implant placement, the studies and case reports regarding the safety of bone augmentation in patients treated with BP remain insufficient. Herein, we report a case wherein bone augmentation was performed after BP treatment with bone healing realized according to imaging, and we review the literature regarding BP and bone augmentation. A 67-year-old Japanese woman requested implant treatment for a hopeless lower right second molar. She had been taking minodronic acid hydrate (50 mg/4 wk) for 18 months to treat steroid-induced osteoporosis. After obtaining informed consent, tooth extraction and bone augmentation within the extraction socket were performed. The tooth was extracted atraumatically to preserve the surrounding alveolar bone, and the extraction socket was intensely curetted. Subsequently, the socket was filled with carbonate apatite granules and covered with a biodegradable membrane, and the wound was sutured without tension. Although protracted wound healing without any symptoms of infection was observed, the wound healed completely. No clinical symptoms were observed, the color of the mucosa at the site was healthy, and imaging findings at 6 months postoperation indicated that osteogenesis had progressed uneventfully.

UNASSIGNED: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine are fundamental non-invasive tools to investigate the status of the bone and soft tissue in vivo. A novel and promising approach is to investigate the quality and quantity of paraspinal muscles even beyond the clinical question. The aim of the present review is to summarize current evidence on CT and MRI about the relationship between paraspinal muscular status and bone health in osteoporosis (OP) and fracture risk.
UNASSIGNED: Literature research was carried out on September 2023 using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases.
UNASSIGNED: Research investigating the intricate interplay between musculature and bone health reveals that degenerating paraspinal muscles, characterized by shrinking and fatty infiltration, are associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) and the development of OP. Additionally, research indicates that weaker paraspinal muscles are linked to a higher risk of fractures, including those at the spine.
UNASSIGNED: The findings suggest that paraspinal muscle health may be a significant factor in identifying individuals at risk for OP and fractures. Further investigation is needed to explore the potential of paraspinal muscles in preventing these conditions.

A 66-year-old neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patient with polyarticular pain for nine years, aggravated for two days, was transferred from the Emergency Intensive Care Unit (EICU) to our rheumatology department. She was diagnosed with NF1 nine years ago by a gene mutation detection and coronary heart disease (CHD) three months ago. The patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) this time. After 24 days of treatment with appropriate medication, the patient was discharged with relieved joint pain. However, about four months later, the patient died of circulatory failure caused by myocardial infarction. We analyzed the possible reasons for her outcome and made a review of the literature. There are few clinical reports of NF1 complicated with RA. We found five cases reported in the literature up to date during our search and included them in our communication to compare with our case. NF1 combined with RA mainly affects adult women and usually starts with NF1 and is followed by RA after at least six years of NF1 symptom onset. Although the summarized characteristics of clinical and potential pathogenesis of NF1 combined with RA were limited with these six cases, we hope that this will help clinicians to increase their understanding of this rare complication, thus helping to guide clinical medication.