目的:用周边散焦眼镜光学控制近视,多焦点隐形眼镜,或者角膜塑形镜.然而,尚不清楚哪种光学矫正将改善视觉性能。本范围审查旨在确定和总结使用光学矫正控制近视的各种视觉功能的研究。
方法:为了制定搜索策略,人口(近视),概念(视觉表现),和上下文(不受限制的种族/地区)被使用。PubMed,Scopus,科克伦图书馆,和WebofScience数据库使用关键词“近视”进行搜索,对比敏感度,高和低对比度的视力,立体视觉,和近视控制的光学矫正。此范围审查协议已在开放科学框架注册表中注册,并遵循JoannaBriggs研究所概述的范围审查框架。
结果:8项研究(n=8)符合纳入标准,被纳入综述。四次在欧洲进行,其中两个是在中国进行的,其中一次在日本和新加坡进行。五项研究是随机对照试验,其中三个使用隐形眼镜,两个研究使用外围散焦眼镜镜片。研究范围从一天到两年。使用角膜塑形镜的三项研究是前瞻性研究设计。在使用角膜塑形镜和隐形眼镜的研究中,两项研究测量了CSV1000(矢量视觉)在中视和明视条件下的对比敏感度函数,有和没有眩光。两项研究使用心理物理学实验测量了中央和周围对比敏感度。使用弗莱堡视力测试(n=1)和ETDRS图(n=3)测量高和低对比度视力,使用随机点立体图(n=1)评估立体视。研究表明,使用多焦点隐形眼镜治疗时,中央和周围对比敏感度功能降低,对比敏感度降低。角膜塑形镜,和外围散焦镜头与单眼镜头相比。
结论:这项范围审查发现中枢和外周对比敏感度功能降低,以及使用各种光学矫正来控制近视时的低对比度视力,而高对比度的视力保持不变。视觉功能的影响可能不会影响近视控制的有效性。眼部护理从业者应向父母和患者群体提供关于近视控制的光学矫正的最新设计的潜在视觉影响的认识。
OBJECTIVE: Myopia is controlled optically with peripheral defocus spectacles, multifocal contact lenses, or orthokeratology lenses. However, it is unknown which optical correction will improve visual performance. This scoping
review aimed to identify and summarize studies on various visual functions using optical corrections for myopia control.
METHODS: To develop the search strategy, population (Myopia), concept (visual performance), and context (unrestricted race/region) were used. PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched using the keywords myopia, contrast sensitivity, high and low contrast visual acuity, stereopsis, and optical correction of myopia control. This scoping
review protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework registry and followed the framework for scoping
review outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute.
RESULTS: Eight studies (n = 8) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the
review. Four were conducted in Europe, two were conducted in China, and one was conducted in Japan and Singapore. Five studies were randomized controlled trials, out of which three used contact lenses and two studies used peripheral defocus spectacles lenses. Studies ranged from one day to 2 years. Three studies that used orthokeratology lenses were prospective study designs. Among the studies that used orthokeratology lenses and contact lenses, two studies measured the contrast sensitivity function with CSV1000 (Vector Vision) under mesopic and photopic conditions, with and without glare. Two studies measured the central and peripheral contrast sensitivity using psychophysics experiments. High and low contrast visual acuity was measured using the Freiburg Vision Test (n = 1) and ETDRS charts (n = 3), and stereopsis was assessed using a random dot stereogram (n = 1). The studies showed a reduction in central and peripheral contrast sensitivity function and low contrast acuity when treated with multifocal contact lenses, orthokeratology lenses, and peripheral defocus lenses compared with single-vision lenses.
CONCLUSIONS: This scoping
review found a reduction in central and peripheral contrast sensitivity function, as well as low contrast visual acuity when using various optical corrections for myopia control, while high-contrast visual acuity remained the same. The impact of visual functions may not influence the effectiveness of myopia control. Eye care practitioners should provide awareness to the parent and patient population about the potential visual impact of recent designs for optical corrections of myopia control.