Abstract：
To compare the treatment efficacy of childhood myopia control optical interventions [spectacles, soft contact lenses (SCLs) and orthokeratology (OK) lenses], explore the consistency of treatment efficacies during the treatment period and evaluate the impact of baseline spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and age on the treatment effect. A literature search of EMBASE, PubMed and Google Scholar databases identified 220 articles published between January 2000 and April 2022, which reported the treatment efficacy by differences in the SER and AL change between intervention and control groups. Thirty-five articles were included in the analysis. Treatment effect sizes (ESs) were calculated, where more positive and negative directions indicated greater treatment efficacy for SER and AL respectively. For SER, the ESs with peripheral add design spectacles (0.66) and SCLs (0.53) were large but not significantly different between treatment types (p = 0.69). For AL, ESs with peripheral add design spectacles (-0.37), SCLs (-0.55) and OK lenses (-0.93) were large, but OK lenses had a significantly greater effect than peripheral add design spectacles (p ≤ 0.001). ESs were large during the first 12 months of treatment for all interventions [peripheral add design SCLs and OK (F ≥ 5.39, p ≤ 0.01), peripheral add design spectacles (F = 0.47, p = 0.63)] but reduced towards the end of 24-36 months of treatment. Baseline SER had an impact on the treatment effect with peripheral add design spectacles only. Optical interventions are efficacious in controlling childhood myopia progression. However, treatment effects were largest only during the first 12 months of treatment and reduced over time.
摘要：
比较儿童近视控制性光学干预的治疗效果[眼镜，软性隐形眼镜（SCL）和角膜塑形镜（OK）]，探索治疗期间治疗效果的一致性，并评估基线球面等效屈光度（SER）的影响，眼轴长度(AL)和年龄对治疗效果的影响。EMBASE的文献检索，PubMed和GoogleScholar数据库确定了2000年1月至2022年4月之间发表的220篇文章，这些文章通过干预组和对照组之间的SER和AL变化差异报告了治疗效果。分析中包括35篇文章。计算治疗效果大小(ESs)，其中更多的正面和负面方向分别表明SER和AL的治疗效果更高。对于SER，采用外围添加设计眼镜的ESs(0.66)和SCL(0.53)较大,但治疗类型之间无显著差异(p=0.69).对于AL，带外设增加设计眼镜的ESs(-0.37)，SCL（-0.55）和OK镜头（-0.93）很大，但是OK镜片的效果明显大于外围添加设计眼镜（p≤0.001）。在所有干预措施的治疗的前12个月中，ESs较大[外周添加设计SCL和OK（F≥5.39，p≤0.01），外围添加设计眼镜（F=0.47，p=0.63）]，但在治疗24-36个月结束时减少。基线SER仅对外围添加设计眼镜对治疗效果有影响。光学干预在控制儿童近视进展方面是有效的。然而,仅在治疗的前12个月期间,治疗效果最大,并且随着时间的推移而降低.
