背景:在营养不良的情况下,避免性/限制性食物摄入障碍(ARFID)患者通常会出现体重减轻或生长迟缓。然而,ARFID患者可以表现出微量营养素缺乏而不会出现体重减轻.在ARFID患者中,临床医生应警惕微量营养素缺乏及其表现.
方法:我们报告了一个12岁女孩的ARFID独特病例,他们出现了微量营养素缺乏症,并出现急性视力丧失,先前有夜视障碍史。眼科检查显示干眼症和双侧视神经病变。调查显示严重的维生素A和叶酸缺乏,这解释了她的临床发现。此外,她还被发现含有低维生素B12,铜,和维生素D水平。她从小就有选择性饮食的历史,饮食主要由碳水化合物组成,没有经常摄入肉,乳制品,水果和蔬菜。这不是由体重或身体形象问题驱动的。通过适当的维生素替代和持续的多学科护理,患者的症状明显改善。
结论:本报告描述了一名出现视觉不适的ARFID患者。在这种情况下,选择性进食行为导致眼干和视神经病变.微量营养素缺乏在发达国家并不常见。当怀疑这些缺陷时,饮食失调,比如ARFID,应该考虑。同样,照顾包括ARFID在内的限制性进食障碍患者的临床医师应熟悉各种微量营养素缺乏的临床表现,并考虑在临床需要时对微量营养素缺乏进行评估和治疗.
BACKGROUND: Patients with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) commonly present with loss of weight or faltering growth in the setting of poor nutrition. However, patients with ARFID can present with micronutrient deficiencies without weight loss. In patients with ARFID, clinicians should be vigilant for micronutrient deficiencies and their presentations.
METHODS: We report a unique
case of ARFID in a twelve-year-old girl, who developed micronutrient deficiencies and presented with acute visual loss with a preceding history of impaired night vision. Ophthalmic examination revealed xerophthalmia and bilateral optic neuropathy. Investigations showed severe Vitamin A and folate deficiencies which accounted for her clinical findings. In addition, she was also found to have low Vitamin B12, copper, and Vitamin D levels. She had a history of selective eating from a young age with a diet consisting largely of carbohydrates, with no regular intake of meat, dairy, fruit and vegetables. This was not driven by weight or body image concerns. The patient\'s symptoms improved significantly with appropriate vitamin replacement and continued multidisciplinary care.
CONCLUSIONS: This report describes a patient with ARFID presenting with visual complaints. In this
case, the selective eating behaviours resulted in xeropthalmia and optic neuropathy. Micronutrient deficiencies are uncommon in developed countries. When these deficiencies are suspected, eating disorders, such as ARFID, should be considered. Similarly, clinicians caring for patients with restrictive eating disorders including ARFID should be familiar with the clinical presentations of various micronutrient deficiencies and consider evaluation and treatment for micronutrient deficiencies when clinically indicated.