雌激素相关受体γ(ERRγ)是ERR孤儿核受体家族的成员,具有三种亚型,α,β,和γ。据报道,ERRγ主要在代谢活跃的组织和细胞中表达,在不同组织中促进积极和消极的影响。ERRγ在肝脏中过度表达,胰腺,甲状腺细胞与肝癌有关,氧化应激,活性氧(ROS)调节,和癌症。脑中ERRγ表达减少,免疫细胞,肿瘤细胞,能量代谢会导致神经功能障碍,胃癌,和肥胖。ERRγ是一种组成型受体;然而,它的转录活性也取决于共调节因子,激动剂,和拮抗剂,which,当形成一个复合体后,可以起到靶向治疗疾病的作用。此外,ERRγ已被证明在调节细胞和代谢活动中至关重要。然而,通过ERRγ介导的许多功能仍然未知,需要进一步探索。因此,考虑到ERRγ的重要性,这篇综述的重点是ERRγ和共同监管机构之间的关键发现和相互作用,激动剂,和拮抗剂,以及它与下游和上游信号通路和疾病的关系。这篇综述强调了新的发现,并为理解ERRγ介导的细胞活性的当前想法和未来研究提供了途径。
Estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) is a member of the ERR orphan nuclear receptor family which possesses three subtypes, α, β, and γ. ERRγ is reportedly predominantly expressed in metabolically active tissues and cells, which promotes positive and negative effects in different tissues. ERRγ overexpression in the liver, pancreas, and thyroid cells is related to liver cancer, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation, and carcinoma. Reduced ERRγ expression in the brain, immune cells, tumor cells, and energy metabolism causes neurological dysfunction, gastric cancer, and obesity. ERRγ is a constitutive receptor; however, its transcriptional activity also depends on co-regulators, agonists, and antagonists, which, when after forming a complex, can play a role in targeting and treating diseases. Moreover, ERRγ has proven crucial in regulating cellular and metabolic activity. However, many functions mediated via ERRγ remain unknown and require further exploration. Hence, considering the importance of ERRγ, this review focuses on the critical findings and interactions between ERRγ and co-regulators, agonists, and antagonists alongside its relationship with downstream and upstream signaling pathways and diseases. This review highlights new findings and provides a path to understanding the current ideas and future studies on ERRγ-mediated cellular activity.