背景:帕金森病(PD)是第二常见的神经退行性疾病。PD的人,他们的家人,科学家,卫生保健提供者,公众对确定导致PD风险的环境因素越来越感兴趣。
方法:2007年6月,一个多学科专家组聚集在桑尼维尔,加州,美国,评估环境因素对PD的贡献。
结果:我们描述了他们就PD风险的环境因素达成共识的结论。最后,我们简要总结了研究需求。
结论:PD是一种复杂的疾病,多种不同的致病途径和机制可最终导致PD。在个人内部,PD风险有许多决定因素,在人群中,PD的原因是异质的。尽管罕见的公认基因突变足以导致PD,这些占美国人口的10%以下,不完整的外显率表明可能涉及环境因素。的确,环境因素和遗传组成之间的相互作用可能会影响患PD的风险。有必要进一步了解风险因素是如何相互作用的,研究PD可能会增加对其他神经退行性疾病的了解。
BACKGROUND: Parkinson\'s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. People with PD, their families, scientists, health care providers, and the general public are increasingly interested in identifying environmental contributors to PD risk.
METHODS: In June 2007, a multidisciplinary group of experts gathered in Sunnyvale, California, USA, to assess what is known about the contribution of environmental factors to PD.
RESULTS: We describe the conclusions around which they came to
consensus with respect to environmental contributors to PD risk. We conclude with a brief summary of research needs.
CONCLUSIONS: PD is a complex disorder, and multiple different pathogenic pathways and mechanisms can ultimately lead to PD. Within the individual there are many determinants of PD risk, and within populations, the causes of PD are heterogeneous. Although rare recognized genetic mutations are sufficient to cause PD, these account for < 10% of PD in the U.S. population, and incomplete penetrance suggests that environmental factors may be involved. Indeed, interplay among environmental factors and genetic makeup likely influences the risk of developing PD. There is a need for further understanding of how risk factors interact, and studying PD is likely to increase understanding of other neurodegenerative disorders.