背景:传统治疗师在世界范围内使用药用植物来治疗蛇咬伤;然而,大多没有科学验证。已经有许多关于天然产物对抗蛇毒的治疗潜力的研究。
目的:这篇综述强调了来自植物的生物活性化合物和肽的蛇毒抑制活性,这些化合物和肽已发现用于治疗蛇咬伤毒液的传统用途。我们系统地回顾了从1994年到现在的天然蛇毒抑制剂表征的不同阶段的情况,并批判性地分析了研究的空白(如果有的话),以及从长凳到床边的进一步翻译范围。
方法:从公共数据库(Scopus,MEDLINE)从1994年到2020年。使用的搜索词是对蛇咬伤的天然抑制剂,\'\'天然产品作为治疗蛇咬伤,\'\'天然产品作为对抗蛇毒的解毒剂,\'\'蛇毒毒素天然抑制剂,\'\'蛇毒草药抑制剂\'。然而,本综述的范围不包括没有任何湿实验室验证的计算(计算机模拟)预测和粗植物提取物的蛇毒抑制活性。此外,我们还预测了已鉴定的蛇毒抑制剂的ADMET特性,以突出其对未来临床研究有价值的药代动力学.
结果:植物来源的天然抑制剂作为抗蛇毒血清疗法的辅助治疗蛇咬伤的治疗应用已获得了显着的势头。对源自传统药用植物的天然化合物的药理学重新评估表明,可以在不同程度上抑制蛇毒的主要毒性酶,以遏制毒蛇咬伤的致命和/或有害作用。然而,这些分子尚未商业化用于治疗蛇咬伤的临床应用。植物来源的天然产物作为蛇毒解毒剂的适销性存在许多障碍,必须探索将这些化合物从候选药物转化为临床应用的策略。
结论:为了尽量减少蛇毒的不利影响,必须制定策略,以使这些植物衍生的小分子抑制剂从工作台到床边的平稳过渡。在本文中,我们提出了一个包容性的审查,并批判性地分析了天然产品对蛇毒的治疗潜力,并提出了使用天然产品作为蛇咬伤解毒剂的路线图。
BACKGROUND: Traditional healers have used medicinal plants to treat snakebite envenomation worldwide; however, mostly without scientific validation. There have been many studies on the therapeutic potential of the natural products against snake envenomation.
OBJECTIVE: This
review has highlighted snake venom inhibitory activity of bioactive compounds and peptides from plants that have found a traditional use in treating snakebite envenomation. We have systematically reviewed the scenario of different phases of natural snake venom inhibitors characterization covering a period from 1994 until the present and critically analysed the lacuna of the studies if any, and further scope for their translation from bench to bedside.
METHODS: The medicinal plant-derived compounds used against snakebite therapy were reviewed from the available literature in public databases (Scopus, MEDLINE) from 1994 till 2020. The search words used were \'natural inhibitors against snakebite,\' \'natural products as therapeutics against snakebite,\' \'natural products as antidote against snake envenomation,\' \' snake venom toxin natural inhibitors,\' \'snake venom herbal inhibitors\'. However, the scope of this
review does not include computational (in silico) predictions without any wet laboratory validation and snake venom inhibitory activity of the crude plant extracts. In addition, we have also predicted the ADMET properties of the identified snake venom inhibitors to highlight their valuable pharmacokinetics for future clinical studies.
RESULTS: The therapeutic application of plant-derived natural inhibitors to treat snakebite envenomation as an auxiliary to antivenom therapy has been gaining significant momentum. Pharmacological reassessment of the natural compounds derived from traditional medicinal plants has demonstrated inhibition of the principal toxic enzymes of snake venoms at various extents to curb the lethal and/or deleterious effects of venomous snakebite. Nevertheless, such molecules are yet to be commercialized for clinical application in the treatment of snakebite. There are many obstacles in the marketability of the plant-derived natural products as snake envenomation antidote and strategies must be explored for the translation of these compounds from drug candidates to their clinical application.
CONCLUSIONS: In order to minimize the adverse implications of snake envenomation, strategies must be developed for the smooth transition of these plant-derived small molecule inhibitors from bench to bedside. In this article we have presented an inclusive
review and have critically analysed natural products for their therapeutic potential against snake envenomation, and have proposed a road map for use of natural products as antidote against snakebite.