褪黑素调节动物的重要生理过程,比如昼夜节律,睡眠,运动,体温,食物摄入量,性反应和免疫反应。在植物中,褪黑素调节种子萌发,长寿,昼夜节律周期,光周期,开花,叶片衰老,采后水果储存,以及对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性。在植物中,褪黑素的作用是由氧化还原网络的各种调节元件介导的,包括RNS和ROS。同样,自由基气体NO介导各种生理过程,像种子发芽,开花,叶片衰老,和应激反应。褪黑素和NO的生物合成都发生在线粒体和叶绿体中。因此,褪黑激素和一氧化氮都是独立控制其生物学途径的关键信号分子。然而,有些情况下,这些途径相互交叉,两个分子相互作用,导致形成N-硝基生长素或NOMela,它是褪黑激素的亚硝化形式,最近发现的,在植物发育中具有有希望的作用。NO和褪黑激素之间的相互作用是高度复杂的,and,尽管已经发表了一些报告这些相互作用的研究,控制它们的确切分子机制和NOMela作为NO捐赠者的前景刚刚开始被揭开。这里,我们回顾了正常和压力条件下NO和褪黑素的产生以及RNS-褪黑素的相互作用。此外,第一次,我们提供高度敏感的,基于臭氧化学发光的一氧化氮含量的比较测量,以及NOMela与常用NO供体CySNO和GSNO之间的NO释放动力学。
Melatonin regulates vital physiological processes in animals, such as the circadian cycle, sleep, locomotion, body temperature, food intake, and sexual and immune responses. In plants, melatonin modulates seed germination, longevity, circadian cycle, photoperiodicity, flowering, leaf senescence, postharvest fruit storage, and resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. In plants, the effect of melatonin is mediated by various regulatory elements of the redox network, including RNS and ROS. Similarly, the radical gas
NO mediates various physiological processes, like seed germination, flowering, leaf senescence, and stress responses. The biosynthesis of both melatonin and
NO takes place in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Hence, both melatonin and nitric oxide are key signaling molecules governing their biological pathways independently. However, there are instances when these pathways cross each other and the two molecules interact with each other, resulting in the formation of N-nitrosomelatonin or NOMela, which is a nitrosated form of melatonin, discovered recently and with promising roles in plant development. The interaction between
NO and melatonin is highly complex, and, although a handful of studies reporting these interactions have been published, the exact molecular mechanisms governing them and the prospects of NOMela as a
NO donor have just started to be unraveled. Here, we review NO and melatonin production as well as RNS-melatonin interaction under normal and stressful conditions. Furthermore, for the first time, we provide highly sensitive, ozone-chemiluminescence-based comparative measurements of the nitric oxide content, as well as NO-release kinetics between NOMela and the commonly used
NO donors CySNO and GSNO.