炎症小体通过充当信号平台来调节先天免疫。Nod样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)炎性体,配备了NLRP3,即与凋亡相关的斑点样蛋白(ASC)和pro-caspase-1,是迄今为止研究最广泛,特征最明确的炎性小体。多种刺激可以激活NLRP3炎性体。激活时,NLRP3蛋白募集接头ASC蛋白并激活pro‑caspase‑1,导致炎性细胞因子成熟和分泌,这与炎症和焦亡有关。然而,NLRP3炎性体的异常激活与各种炎症性疾病有关,包括动脉粥样硬化,缺血性卒中,老年痴呆症,糖尿病和炎症性肠病。因此,NLRP3炎性体已成为炎症性疾病的有希望的治疗靶点.在本次审查中,使用'NLRP3抑制剂'和'炎性疾病'作为关键词进行系统检索.通过浏览2012-2022年的文献,检索到100篇文章,其中35项被排除在外,因为它们是评论,社论,撤回或不可联机,包括65篇文章。根据检索到的文献,现就NLRP3炎性小体通路激活在炎症性疾病中的研究进展作一综述,和NLRP3炎性小体途径的抑制剂靶向NLRP3蛋白和其他炎性小体组分或产物被强调。此外,本综述简要讨论了当前临床研究的新努力。
The inflammasome regulates innate immunity by serving as a signaling platform. The Nod‑like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, equipped with NLRP3, the adaptor protein apoptosis‑associated speck‑like protein (ASC) and pro‑caspase‑1, is by far the most extensively studied and well‑characterized inflammasome. A variety of stimuli can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. When activated, the NLRP3 protein recruits the adaptor ASC protein and activates pro‑caspase‑1, resulting in inflammatory cytokine maturation and secretion, which is associated with inflammation and pyroptosis. However, the aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been linked to various inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer\'s disease, diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, the NLRP3 inflammasome has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. In the present
review, systematic searches were performed using \'NLRP3 inhibitor(s)\' and \'inflammatory disease(s)\' as key words. By browsing the literature from 2012 to 2022, 100 articles were retrieved, of which 35 were excluded as they were reviews, editorials, retracted or unavailable online, and 65 articles were included. According to the retrieved literature, the current understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activation in inflammatory diseases was summarize, and inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway targeting the NLRP3 protein and other inflammasome components or products were highlighted. Additionally, the present
review briefly discusses the current novel efforts in clinical research.