绿原酸(CGA)是一种多酚化合物,在许多植物如绿咖啡豆中含量丰富。作为一种活性天然物质,CGA发挥不同的治疗效果,以应对各种病理挑战,特别是与慢性代谢性疾病和年龄相关疾病相关的疾病。它显示了多维功能,包括神经退行性疾病和糖尿病周围神经病变的神经保护,抗炎,抗氧化,抗病原体,心血管疾病的缓解,皮肤病,糖尿病,肝肾损伤,和抗肿瘤活性。机械上,其综合功能通过调节抗炎/氧化和代谢稳态起作用。它可以在多个水平上阻止炎症成分,例如减少NF-kB通路以中和原始炎症因子,阻碍炎症传播,减轻炎症相关组织损伤。它同时通过激活Nrf2途径来提高关键的抗氧化剂,从而清除过量的细胞自由基。它提高了AMPK途径,以维持和恢复葡萄糖和脂质的代谢稳态。此外,CGA通过靶向神经受体和离子通道显示神经调节功能。在这次审查中,我们系统地概括了CGA的药理活性,药用特性,和作为潜在治疗剂的机械作用。定义其特异性靶向分子的进一步研究,提高其生物利用度,并验证其临床疗效,以证实CGA的治疗效果。
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a type of polyphenol compound found in rich concentrations in many plants such as green coffee beans. As an active natural substance, CGA exerts diverse therapeutic effects in response to a variety of pathological challenges, particularly conditions associated with chronic metabolic diseases and age-related disorders. It shows multidimensional functions, including neuroprotection for neurodegenerative disorders and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-pathogens, mitigation of cardiovascular disorders, skin diseases, diabetes mellitus, liver and kidney injuries, and anti-tumor activities. Mechanistically, its integrative functions act through the modulation of anti-inflammation/oxidation and metabolic homeostasis. It can thwart inflammatory constituents at multiple levels such as curtailing NF-kB pathways to neutralize primitive inflammatory factors, hindering inflammatory propagation, and alleviating inflammation-related tissue injury. It concurrently raises pivotal antioxidants by activating the Nrf2 pathway, thus scavenging excessive cellular free radicals. It elevates AMPK pathways for the maintenance and restoration of metabolic homeostasis of glucose and lipids. Additionally, CGA shows functions of neuromodulation by targeting neuroreceptors and ion channels. In this
review, we systematically recapitulate CGA\'s pharmacological activities, medicinal properties, and mechanistic actions as a potential therapeutic agent. Further studies for defining its specific targeting molecules, improving its bioavailability, and validating its clinical efficacy are required to corroborate the therapeutic effects of CGA.