随着生活水平的不断提高,人们对优质肉类的需求越来越大。宁乡猪有很高营养价值的美味肉,深受消费者喜爱。然而,其生长缓慢和肉品产量低,严重制约了其高效利用。基因表达是生命活动的内在驱动力,所以为了从根本上提高它的增长率,探讨宁乡猪骨骼肌发育的分子机制是关键。在本文中,宁乡公猪在四个生长阶段(30天:断奶期,90天:护理期,150天:早期育肥期,和210天:育肥后期),每个阶段从三头公猪中获取背肌(LD)肌肉。脂肪酸含量,氨基酸含量,通过气相色谱法检测肌肉纤维直径密度和LD类型,酸解,苏木素伊红(HE)染色和免疫荧光(IF)染色。转录测序后,加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)结合LD表型,探索影响肌肉发育的关键基因和信号通路。结果表明,WGCNA鉴定了10个模块,包括5个与肌肉发育阶段相关的模块,肌纤维密度的模块特征,5个模块的特征肌纤维直径,以及棕榈油酸(C16:1)和亚油酸(C18:2n6C)的模块特征。基因本体论(GO)富集分析发现,在这些模块中富集了52个与肌肉发育有关的转录本,包括44个已知基因和8个新基因。京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析表明,这些基因富含生长素,雌激素和环磷酸鸟苷-蛋白激酶G(cGMP-PKG)途径。这些基因中有12个是转录因子,20个基因之间有相互作用,以及人类中11种蛋白质之间的相互作用,猪和老鼠是稳定的。总而言之,通过对表型和转录组的综合分析,本文分析了宁乡猪不同阶段骨骼肌发育的关键基因和可能的调控网络,为深入研究骨骼肌发育提供参考。
With the continuous improvement in living standards, people\'s demand for high-quality meat is increasing. Ningxiang pig has delicious meat of high nutritional value, and is loved by consumers. However, its slow growth and low meat yield seriously restrict its efficient utilization. Gene expression is the internal driving force of life activities, so in order to fundamentally improve its growth rate, it is key to explore the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle development in Ningxiang pigs. In this paper, Ningxiang boars were selected in four growth stages (30 days: weaning period, 90 days: nursing period, 150 days: early fattening period, and 210 days: late fattening period), and the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was taken from three boars in each stage. The fatty acid content, amino acid content, muscle fiber diameter density and type of LD were detected by gas chromatography, acidolysis, hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. After transcription sequencing, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) combined with the phenotype of the LD was used to explore the key genes and signaling pathways affecting muscle development. The results showed that 10 modules were identified by WGCNA, including 5 modules related to muscle development stage, module characteristics of muscle fiber density, 5 modules characteristic of muscle fiber diameter, and a module characteristic of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6C). Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis found that 52 transcripts relating to muscle development were enriched in these modules, including 44 known genes and 8 novel genes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that these genes were enriched in the auxin, estrogen and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G (cGMP-PKG) pathways. Twelve of these genes were transcription factors, there were interactions among 20 genes, and the interactions among 11 proteins in human, pig and mouse were stable. To sum up, through the integrated analysis of phenotype and transcriptome, this paper analyzed the key genes and possible regulatory networks of skeletal muscle development in Ningxiang pigs at various stages, to provide a reference for the in-depth study of skeletal muscle development.