Motor imagery is often used in the fields of sports training and neurorehabilitation for its advantages of being highly targeted, easy to learn, and requiring no special equipment, and has become a major research paradigm in cognitive neuroscience. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), an emerging neuromodulation technique, modulates cortical excitability, which in turn affects functions such as locomotion. However, it is unclear whether tDCS has a positive effect on motor imagery task states. In this paper, 16 young healthy subjects were included, and the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and near-infrared spectrum (NIRS) signals of the subjects were collected when they were performing motor imagery tasks before and after receiving tDCS, and the changes in multiscale sample entropy (MSE) and haemoglobin concentration were calculated and analyzed during the different tasks. The results found that MSE of task-related brain regions increased, oxygenated haemoglobin concentration increased, and total haemoglobin concentration rose after tDCS stimulation, indicating that tDCS increased the activation of task-related brain regions and had a positive effect on motor imagery. This study may provide some reference value for the clinical study of tDCS combined with motor imagery.
运动想象（MI）以其针对性强、方便易学、无需特殊设备等优点，常被用于体育训练和神经康复等领域，并成为认知神经科学的一种主要研究范式。经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）作为一种新兴的神经调控技术，可调节皮质兴奋性，进而影响运动等功能，然而tDCS对于运动想象任务态是否具有积极影响目前尚不明确。本文纳入了16名年轻健康受试者，采集受试者在接受tDCS前、后执行运动想象任务时的脑电（EEG）信号和近红外光谱（NIRS）信号，计算并分析了不同任务期间的多尺度样本熵（MSE）和血红蛋白浓度变化情况。结果发现，tDCS刺激后任务相关脑区的MSE升高，含氧血红蛋白浓度增加，总血红蛋白浓度上升，表明tDCS提高了任务相关脑区的激活程度，说明tDCS对运动想象具有积极作用。本研究或可为tDCS联合运动想象的临床研究提供一定的参考价值。.

There is scarce evidence about early nutrition programming of dynamic aspects of glucose homeostasis. We analyzed the long-term effects of early nutrition on glycemic variability in healthy children. A total of 92 children participating in the COGNIS study were considered for this analysis, who were fed with: a standard infant formula (SF, n = 32), an experimental formula (EF, n = 32), supplemented with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) components, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), and synbiotics, or were breastfed (BF, n = 28). At 6 years old, BF children had lower mean glucose levels and higher multiscale sample entropy (MSE) compared to those fed with SF. No differences in MSE were found between EF and BF groups. Normal and slow weight gain velocity during the first 6 months of life were associated with higher MSE at 6 years, suggesting an early programming effect against later metabolic disorders, thus similarly to what we observed in breastfed children. Conclusion: According to our results, BF and normal/slow weight gain velocity during early life seem to protect against glucose homeostasis dysregulation at 6 years old. EF shows functional similarities to BF regarding children\'s glucose variability. The detection of glucose dysregulation in healthy children would help to develop strategies to prevent the onset of metabolic disorders in adulthood.