由于经济原因,尼加拉瓜人在国内和国际上迁移了几个世纪,政治和社会文化因素。该国医疗保健系统的缺陷导致人们获得医疗保健和药品的不平等。汇款已成为重要的收入来源,部分投资于健康。
研究的总体目标是在更广泛的社会经济转型背景下分析当代尼加拉瓜的移民与健康关系。
这项研究采用了混合方法,结合定性访谈数据和定量调查数据。
调查结果表明,移民通常是一种谋生策略,与争取更好的生活有关。健康问题间接地嵌入到人们的移动生计中,也直接影响移民动机。此外,移民对健康既有好处,也有坏处。移徙妇女的身体暴力和性暴力可以结束,内部移民可以更容易获得医疗保健和医疗服务,环境灾难造成的脆弱性可以通过移动来避免。此外,汇款可以改善人们的日常生活和健康。然而,移民也可能是一个压力和损害健康的事件。国际移民,特别是无证的,获得医疗保健可能会有问题,在边境口岸也经历了很多危险。跨国家庭可能因分离而在情感上和身体上都遭受痛苦。调查结果显示,移民家庭成员对身体健康的评价不如非移民家庭。
尼加拉瓜人口的社会公民权得不到保障。这导致流动生计和需要跨地方社会支持(例如汇款)。移徙可能对移徙者及其家庭成员的健康产生积极和消极影响;地理距离和社会差异是结果的关键。
Nicaraguans have migrated internally and internationally for centuries due to economic, political and sociocultural factors. Deficiencies in the country\'s health care system have produced inequities in people\'s access to health care and medicines. Remittances have become an important source of income, partly invested in health.
The overall aim of the
study was to analyse migration-health relations in contemporary Nicaragua within a broader context of socio-economic transformations.
The
study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interview data and quantitative survey data.
The findings show that migration is commonly practised as a strategy for making a living and is related to the struggle for a better life. Health concerns are indirectly embedded in people\'s mobile livelihoods, but also directly influence migration motives. Furthermore, migration involves both advantages and disadvantages for health. Physical and sexual violence can come to an end for migrating women, health care and medicine can become more accessible for internal migrants, and vulnerabilities caused by environmental disasters can be avoided by moving. Moreover, remittances can improve people\'s everyday life and health. Yet migration can also be a stressful and health-damaging event. International migrants, particularly the undocumented, can have problems accessing health care, and also experience much danger at border crossings. Transnational families can suffer emotionally as well as physically due to separation. Findings from the survey show that family members of migrants do not rate their physical health as good as often as non-migrating families.
The Nicaraguan population is not guaranteed its social rights of citizenship. This results in mobile livelihoods and the need for translocal social support (e.g. remittances). Migration can have both positive and negative effects on health for migrants and their family members; geographical distance and social differences are key to the outcome.