微针具有临床优势，能够以方便和舒适的方式在皮肤上输送复杂的药物，但尚未成功过渡到医疗实践。糖尿病是一种复杂的疾病,通常每天注射多次胰岛素，导致治疗依从性差。首先,本综述确定了微针的临床前景，在微针技术可以从工作台转换到床边之前应该解决的问题。此后,我们将糖尿病作为一个案例研究来考虑如何成功利用基于微针的技术.这里,引用胰岛素微针的出版物进行了评估，以了解是否插入效率，插入角度,成功的剂量输送，剂量可调性，材料的生物相容性和治疗稳定性正在早期研究中得到解决。此外，审查了1970-2019年的3,000多项专利，搜索词为““微针”和“胰岛素”，以了解该领域的现状。总之,早期微针研究的报告表明，与所解决的翻译因素有关的缺乏一致性。此外,更合理的设计，基于以患者为中心的方法是必要的，在监管批准后，基于微针的递送系统可以用于彻底改变糖尿病患者的生活。
Microneedles have the clinical advantage of being able to deliver complex drugs across the skin in a convenient and comfortable manner yet haven\'t successfully transitioned to medical practice. Diabetes mellitus is a complicated disease, which is commonly treated with multiple daily insulin injections, contributing to poor treatment adherence. Firstly, this review determines the clinical prospect of
microneedles, alongside considerations that ought to be addressed before microneedle technology can be translated from bench to bedside. Thereafter, we use diabetes as a
case study to consider how microneedle-based-technology may be successfully harnessed. Here, publications referring to insulin
microneedles were evaluated to understand whether insertion efficiency, angle of insertion, successful dose delivery, dose adjustability, material biocompatibility and therapeutic stability are being addressed in early stage research. Moreover, over 3,000 patents from 1970-2019 were reviewed with the search term \'\"microneedle\" AND \"insulin\"\' to understand the current status of the field. In conclusion, the reporting of early stage microneedle research demonstrated a lack of consistency relating to the translational factors addressed. Additionally, a more rational design, based on a patient-centred approach is required before microneedle-based delivery systems can be used to revolutionise the lives of people living with diabetes following regulatory approval.
