牛皮癣是一种慢性,自身免疫,和非传染性皮肤病,全球患病率为2-3%,对全球卫生造成经济负担。与牛皮癣相关的一些重要风险因素包括遗传易感性,病原体,压力,药物,等。此外,大多数牛皮癣患者还应该处理合并症,如牛皮癣关节炎,炎症性肠病,心血管疾病,和心理状况,包括自杀念头.基于它的严重性,牛皮癣的治疗方法分为三种类型,即,局部治疗,全身治疗,和光疗。轻度至中度牛皮癣的局部治疗面临几个问题,如皮肤渗透性差,低皮肤保留的药物制剂,局部载体的油腻质地,缺乏受控释放,等等。在另一个箭头上,通过口服或肠胃外途径给药的全身治疗涉及许多缺点,包括首过肝代谢,肝毒性,胃肠道紊乱,针痛和恐惧症,以及医疗保健专业人员管理药物的要求。为了克服这些限制,研究人员设计了一种基于微针的药物递送系统,用于治疗轻度至中度和中度至重度银屑病。单个微针系统可以通过调节针的高度来局部(局部)或全身(经皮)递送抗牛皮癣药物,而不涉及任何疼痛。在这种思考中,本综述提供了关于病理生理学的简明信息,危险因素,牛皮癣的合并症,其次是他们目前的治疗方法和局限性。Further,它精心讨论了微针在银屑病治疗和诊断中的潜力,以及他们的专利和临床试验的描述。
Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune, and non-communicable skin disease with a worldwide prevalence rate of 2-3%, creating an economic burden on global health. Some significant risk factors associated with psoriasis include genetic predisposition, pathogens, stress, medications, etc. In addition, most patients with psoriasis should also deal with comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and psychological conditions, including suicidal thoughts. Based on its severity, the treatment approach for psoriasis is categorised into three types, i.e., topical therapy, systemic therapy, and phototherapy. Topical therapy for mild-to-moderate psoriasis faces several issues, such as poor skin permeability, low skin retention of drug formulation, greasy texture of topical vehicle, lack of controlled release, and so on. On the other arrow, systemic therapy via an oral or parenteral route of drug administration involves numerous drawbacks, including first-pass hepatic metabolism, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, needle pain and phobia, and requirement of healthcare professional to administer the drug. To overcome these limitations, researchers devised a microneedle-based drug delivery system for treating mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe psoriasis. A single microneedle system can deliver the anti-psoriatic drugs either locally (topical) or systemically (transdermal) by adjusting the needle height without involving any pain. In this contemplate, the current
review provides concise information on the pathophysiology, risk factors, and comorbidities of psoriasis, followed by their current treatment approaches and limitations. Further, it meticulously discusses the potential of
microneedles in psoriasis therapy and diagnosis, along with descriptions of their patents and clinical trials.