背景:由于血管内血栓切除术(EVT)对梗死面积较大的急性缺血性卒中患者的疗效和安全性仍无定论,我们试图比较使用血管内血栓切除术和单独医疗的功能和神经系统结局.
方法:我们搜索了MEDLINE(通过PubMed),Embase,科克伦图书馆,ClinicalTrials.gov,和国际临床试验注册平台(ICTRP)检索所有相关的随机对照试验(RCT)。使用回顾管理器(RevMan)使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。使用风险比(RR)和95%置信区间(CI)汇总二分结果。
结果:我们的meta分析包括6个RCTs,共1665例患者。大多数研究包括ASPECTS评分为3-5的患者。我们的结果表明,血管内血栓切除术显着增加了功能独立性(mRS≤2)(RR,2.49;95%CI,1.89-3.29)和中度神经系统结局(mRS≤3)(RR,1.90天;95%CI,1.50-2.40)。在1年的随访中,EVT对这些结果的益处保持不变。血管内血栓切除术与早期神经系统改善率增加相关(RR,2.22;95%CI,1.53-3.22),神经功能恢复良好(mRS≤1)(RR,1.75;95%CI,1.02-3.03),神经功能恢复不良率降低(mRS4-6)(RR,0.81;95%CI,0.76-0.86)。两组在全因死亡率方面无显著差异(RR,0.86;95%CI,0.72-1.02),去骨瓣减压术(RR,1.32;95%CI,0.89-1.94),和严重不良反应的发生率(RR,1.39;95%CI,0.83-2.32)。血管内血栓切除术显着增加任何颅内出血的发生率(RR,1.94;95%CI,1.48-2.53)和症状性颅内出血(RR,1.73;95%CI,1.11-2.69)。
结论:血管内血栓切除术(EVT)可显著改善卒中发病6小时内出现ICA和近端M1闭塞的患者的神经和功能预后。与单独的药物治疗相比,ASPECTS评分从3到5,有症状的颅内出血的风险增加。
BACKGROUND: Since the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke with a large infarct area is still inconclusive, we sought to compare functional and neurological outcomes with the use of endovascular thrombectomy versus medical care alone.
METHODS: We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) to retrieve all the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic.
Review manager (RevMan) was used to perform meta-analyses using a random-effect model. Dichotomous outcomes were pooled using risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: Our meta-analysis included 6 RCTs with a total of 1665 patients. Most studies included patients with an ASPECTS score of 3-5. Our results demonstrate that endovascular thrombectomy significantly increased the rates of functional independence (mRS ≤ 2) (RR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.89-3.29) and moderate neurological outcome (mRS ≤ 3) (RR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.50-2.40) at 90 days. The benefit of EVT for these outcomes remained the same at 1-year follow-up. Endovascular thrombectomy was associated with increased rates of early neurological improvement (RR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.53-3.22), excellent neurological recovery (mRS ≤ 1) (RR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.02-3.03), and decreased rate of poor neurological recovery (mRS 4-6) (RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.76-0.86). No significant difference was found between the two groups regarding all-cause mortality (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.72-1.02), decompressive craniectomy (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.89-1.94), and the incidence of serious adverse effects (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.83-2.32) between the two groups. Endovascular thrombectomy significantly increased the rates of any intracranial hemorrhage (RR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.48-2.53) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (RR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.11-2.69).
CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) significantly improves neurological and functional outcomes in patients who present within 6 hours of stroke onset with ICA and proximal M1 occlusions, and ASPECTS scores ranging from 3 to 5, compared to medical therapy alone, with an increased risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.