简介尽管医学的不断发展和医学专家的可及性日益增加,在21世纪的第一季度,牙源性脓肿仍然是颌面外科诊所急诊住院的主要原因之一。由于这种化脓性感染如果不及时治疗会导致严重和致命的并发症,需要不断更新其起源的知识,这正是本文所讨论的。材料和方法它报告了一项为期五年(2018-2023年)的回顾性研究,在此期间,705名年龄在18岁及以上并被确诊为牙源性头颈部软组织脓肿的患者接受了急诊手术。结果研究的患者平均年龄为41岁,年龄最大的是一名82岁的妇女。研究人群中男性的比例更高——54.18%。年轻患者(18-44岁)受影响最大,共有364名患者(男213名,女151名),而老年人(75岁及以上)的比例最低,共有15名患者,包括七名男性和八名女性。在我们的研究患者中,两个颌骨的第一磨牙(16、26、36和46)是化脓性细菌感染的原因,占705例患者中的208例(29.5%)。中心切牙(11、21、31和41齿)是牙源性感染的最不常见的直接原因,705例中只有17例(2.41%)。讨论随着年龄的增长,牙源性脓肿患者数量减少的最合乎逻辑的原因是老年人的牙齿脱落。我们的研究证实了以下知识:第一下颌磨牙是最常见的牙齿,导致在相邻的下颌软组织中形成脓性渗出物。然而,与上颌骨众所周知的事实相反,犬科是发生牙源性脓肿的最常见病因,我们得出的结论是,第一磨牙(牙齿16和26)的数量超过上颌牙列的其他牙齿,犬齿的数量仅超过门齿。下颌的牙齿是上颌的两倍以上的渗出性感染的原因-它们之间的比率为2.54:1。结论牙源性脓肿的知识-其人口统计学分布,频率和病因,他们的诊断和治疗-是这些疾病的预测和治疗结果的基础,主要影响年轻人。他们的治疗都是手术治疗,以疏散化脓性病灶,和抗菌。
Introduction Despite the constant development of medicine and the increasing accessibility to medical specialists, in the first quarter of the 21st century, odontogenic abscesses remain one of the leading causes of emergency hospitalization in maxillofacial surgery clinics. Because of the serious and lethal complications that this type of suppurative infection can lead to if not treated promptly, there is a need for constant updating of the knowledge of its origin, which is precisely what is addressed in this original article. Materials and methods It reports on a retrospective
study conducted over a five-year period (2018-2023), during which 705 patients aged 18 years and older with a confirmed diagnosis of odontogenic soft tissue abscess of the head and neck underwent emergency surgery. Results The average age of the patients studied was 41 years, with the oldest being an 82-year-old woman. The proportion of males in the
study population was higher - 54.18%. Young patients (18-44 years) were the most affected, with a total of 364 patients (213 males and 151 females), while the proportion of old people (75 years of age and older) was the lowest, with a total of 15 patients, including seven males and eight females. The first molars of both jaws (16, 26, 36 and 46) were the cause of the suppurative bacterial infection in the highest number among our
study patients - 208 out of 705 (29.5%). Central incisors (teeth 11, 21, 31 and 41) were the least frequent direct cause of odontogenic infection, accounting for only 17 cases out of 705 (2.41%). Discussion The most logical reason for the decrease in the number of patients with odontogenic abscesses with increasing age is tooth loss in older individuals. Our
study confirmed the knowledge that the first mandibular molars are the most common teeth leading to the formation of purulent exudate in the adjacent mandibular soft tissues. However, in contrast to the well-known fact for the maxilla that canines are the most frequent etiologic factor for the occurrence of odontogenic abscesses, we conclude that again the first molars (teeth 16 and 26) outnumber the other teeth of the maxillary dentition, with canines outnumbering only incisors. The teeth of the lower jaw are the cause of more than twice as many exudative infections as those of the upper jaw - the ratio between them is 2.54:1. Conclusions Knowledge of odontogenic abscesses - their demographic distribution, frequency and etiology, their diagnosis and treatment - is the basis for the prediction and treatment outcome of these diseases, mainly affecting young people. Their treatment is both surgical in order to evacuate the suppurative focus, and antibacterial.