在过去的几年里,火星表面条件的性质,我们了解地球生物在极端条件下的生长能力,在美国和其他地方,火星探索的未来机会已经受到广泛的审查。作为这些考试的一部分,1992年,美国太空研究委员会就未来探索火星的任务应实施的要求向NASA提出了一系列建议。特别是,建议对火星着陆器的要求进行重大更改,这些变化大大减轻了这些任务实施行星保护的负担。在本文中,我们提出了一项实施这一系列新建议的决议,供空间研委会在汉堡举行的第30次会议通过。我们还讨论了行星保护的未来方向和研究领域,鉴于火星探索计划的变化。
Over the last several years, the nature of the surface conditions on the planet
Mars, our knowledge of the growth capabilities of Earth organisms under extreme conditions, and future opportunities for
Mars exploration have been under extensive review in the United States and elsewhere. As part of these examinations, in 1992 the US Space Studies Board made a series of recommendations to NASA on the requirements that should be implemented on future missions that will explore
Mars. In particular, significant changes were recommended in the requirements for
Mars landers, changes that significantly alleviated the burden of planetary protection implementation for these missions. In this paper we propose a resolution implementing this new set of recommendations, for adoption by COSPAR at its 30th meeting in Hamburg. We also discuss future directions and study areas for planetary protection, in light of changing plans for
Mars exploration.