UNASSIGNED: Gastroblastoma is an extremely rare gastric tumor. Its pathogenesis remains unclear and there is a lack of specific clinical symptoms. The aim of this paper is to report a case of gastroblastoma and provide references for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease.
UNASSIGNED: The diagnosis and treatment of a 51-year-old female patient with gastroblastoma were retrospectively reported. Analyzing this case by combining the clinical data such as imaging and pathological results of patients with the relevant literature.
UNASSIGNED: The patient\'s chief complaint was the presence of melena persisted for over two weeks. Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT showed gastric antral nodules, and micro-probe endoscopic ultrasonography was considered as \"gastric antral protruding lesions\". The initial diagnosis of \"gastric stromal tumor\" was made after admission, and surgical treatment was performed on September 23, 2021. Postoperative pathology showed that gastric mixed epithelial and stromal tumor, combined with immunohistochemical staining, was suggestive of gastroblastoma. No signs of tumor recurrence or metastasis were observed during the 2-year follow-up.
UNASSIGNED: Combined with the existing literature reports, the incidence of gastroblastoma is mainly higher in young men, and the predilection site is gastric antrum. The biological behavior of the tumor tends to be indolent, and the prognosis of most cases is favorable. However, due to the extremely small number of cases, this conclusion still needs a large number of cases and follow-up data to support. Postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical examination results are the only methods for definite diagnosis at present, and surgery is the first choice for treatment.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, lifelong disease. The molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology of T2DM have not yet been fully elucidated. Dysregulation of the long non-coding RNA metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNA MALAT1) is considered one of the main contributing factors of the dysfunction found in many diseases, including those of the endocrine system. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between lncRNA MALAT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and T2DM in the Chinese Han population.
METHODS: We genotyped three SNPs (rs3200401 C > T, rs619586 A > G, rs11227209 C > G) of the MALAT1 gene, including 571 T2DM patients and 526 controls. The association between different genotypes and the risk of T2DM was analyzed using logistic regression, and the results were expressed by odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI), and then stratified by age, sex, and BMI. P < 0.05 on both sides was considered as statistically significant.
RESULTS: We found that the CT + TT genotypes of the rs3200401 polymorphism were significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM in Chinese Han population (OR = 1.77; 95% CI:1.35-2.33; Padjusted < 0.001), whereas MALAT1 rs619586 AG + GG genotypes were associated with a reduced risk of T2DM (OR = 0.67; 95% CI:0.48-0.94; Padjusted = 0.021). Subsequent stratified analysis showed that compared with the rs3200401 CC genotype, CT + TT genotypes were associated with an increased risk of T2DM in the male, female, age ≥ 65 years, and BMI ≥ 24 subgroups (OR = 1.68, 95% CI:1.10-2.56, Padjusted = 0.016; OR = 1.83, 95% CI:1.27-2.62, Padjusted = 0.001; OR = 1.86, 95% CI:1.38-2.52, Padjusted < 0.001; OR = 2.13, 95% CI:1.45-3.15, Padjusted < 0.001; respectively). Haplotype analysis showed that T-A-C haplotype had a 1.533-fold increased risk of T2DM (95% CI, 1.208-1.945, P < 0.001) and C-G-G was associated with a decreased risk of T2DM. No significant association was found between rs11227209 and T2DM risk (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that MALAT1 rs619586 and rs3200401 confer susceptibility for T2DM in the Chinese Han population and provide new genetic targets for the treatment of diabetes and its complications in the future.