动脉僵硬度(AS)将已知和未知心血管危险因素的累积负担整合到个体寿命期间的大动脉弹性壁上。作为血管老化的标志,AS是心血管事件的独立预测因子,当添加到Framingham风险评分中时,可以改善心血管风险预测。此外,AS可能影响微血管系统并促进微血管并发症的发展。它对大血管和微血管系统的影响导致了动脉壁本身应被视为靶器官的概念。这里,我们回顾了AS对大血管和微血管的生物学和临床后果,以及在常规临床实践中AS的测量。我们还讨论了支持使用糖尿病的AS发展的病理生理机制,特别是,1型糖尿病,作为一种具有高心血管事件和微血管并发症风险的疾病模型,AS加速。
Arterial stiffness (AS) integrates the cumulative burden of known and unknown cardiovascular risk factors on the elastic wall of large arteries along the lifespan of an individual. As a marker of vascular aging, AS is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and improves cardiovascular risk prediction when added to the Framingham Risk Score. In addition, AS may affect the microvasculature and promote the development of microvascular complications. Its impact on both the macro- and microvasculature has led to the concept that the arterial wall itself should be considered as a target organ. Here, we review the biological and clinical consequences of AS on the macro- and microvasculature and the measurement of AS in routine clinical practice. We also discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning AS development using diabetes and, in particular, type 1 diabetes, as a disease model with a high risk of cardiovascular events and microvascular complications that are accelerated by AS.