UNASSIGNED: Lactobacillus acidophilus is usually considered nonpathogenic and widely distributed in the human gastrointestinal and vaginal tract. In rare cases, lactobacilli may cause eye infections.
UNASSIGNED: We report a 71-year-old man who experienced unexpected ocular pain and decreased visual acuity for one day after cataract surgery. He presented with obvious conjunctival and circumciliary congestion, corneal haze, anterior chamber cells, anterior chamber empyema, posterior corneal deposits, and pupil light reflection disappearance. This patient underwent the standard three-port 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy and received the intravitreal perfusion of vancomycin at 1 mg/0.1 mL. The culture of the vitreous fluid produced Lactobacillus acidophilus.
UNASSIGNED: Acute Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis can occur after cataract surgery, which should be taken into consideration.

This study evaluated the rheological behavior of the pig waste biotransformation process to produce lactic acid (LA) and biomass with Lactobacillus acidophilus in a stirred reactor. In addition, cell growth, carbohydrate consumption, and LA production were measured at three different agitation speeds, 100, 150, and 200 rpm at 37 °C, with a reaction time of 52 h. During the development of the process, the kinetic and rheological parameters were obtained using the logistic, Gompertz, generalized Gompertz, Ostwald de Waele, and Herschel-Bulkley mathematical models, respectively. The substrate used was pig manure, to which molasses was added at 12% v/v to increase the concentration of carbohydrates. The results suggest that mass exchange is favorable at low agitation speeds. Nevertheless, the presence of molasses rich in carbohydrates as a carbon source modifies the characteristics of the fluid, dilatant (n > 1) at the beginning of the process to end up as pseudoplastic (n < 1) due to the addition of exopolysaccharides and the modification of the physical structure of the substrate. This effect was confirmed by the Herschel-Bulkley model, which presented a better fit to the data obtained, in addition to finding a direct relationship between viscosity and pH that can be used as variables for the control of bioconversion processes of pig manure into biomass rich in Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Nowadays, there is a great interest of food industries on the development of innovative dairy products containing probiotic bacteria. Beyond yoghurt, cheeses could be a suitable matrix for the incorporation of probiotics. This work aimed to study the impact of the addition of two probiotic lactobacilli (L. rhamnosus GG and L. acidophilus LA5), either individually or combined, on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of pasta filata soft cheeses and to evaluate the immunomodulating capacity of the product using an in vivo model. Four cheese types were produced: CC (control cheese); L-C (added with L. acidophilus LA5); GG-C (added with L. rhamnosus GG) and GGL-C (added with both probiotics). No differences in gross composition were found. An increase in secondary proteolysis was observed in GGL-C cheeses which correlated with a greater bitter and aftertaste. On the contrary, the L-C cheese received the highest overall quality score. The translocation assay was negative. Moreover, the three experimental cheeses were able to modulate the immune system of mice by reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the intestine, downregulating the levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and increasing the secretion of Secretory Immunoglobulin A (S-IgA). No synergistic effect was detected when both probiotics were added.

OBJECTIVE: To explore differences in the vaginal microbiome between preterm and term deliveries.
METHODS: Nested case-control study in 3D cohort (design, develop, discover).
METHODS: Quebec, Canada.
METHODS: Ninety-four women with spontaneous preterm birth as cases [17 early (<34 weeks) and 77 late (34-36 weeks) preterm birth] and 356 women as controls with term delivery (≥37 weeks).
METHODS: To assess the vaginal microbiome by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene in swabs self-collected during early pregnancy.
METHODS: Comparison of relative abundance of bacterial operational taxonomic units and oligotypes and identifying vaginal community state types (CSTs) in early or late spontaneous preterm and term deliveries.
RESULTS: Lactobacillus gasseri/ Lactobacillus johnsonii (coefficient -5.36, 95% CI -8.07 to -2.65), Lactobacillus crispatus (99%)/ Lactobacillus acidophilus (99%) (-4.58, 95% CI -6.20 to -2.96), Lactobacillus iners (99%)/ Ralstonia solanacearum (99%) (-3.98, 95% CI -6.48 to -1.47) and Bifidobacterium longum/ Bifidobacterium breve (-8.84, 95% CI -12.96 to -4.73) were associated with decreased risk of early but not late preterm birth. Six vaginal CSTs were identified: four dominated by Lactobacillus; one with presence of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria (Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae and Veillonellaceae bacterium) (CST IV); and one with nondominance of Lactobacillus (CST VI). CST IV was associated with increased risk of early (4.22, 95% CI 1.24-24.85) but not late (1.63, 95% CI 0.68-5.04) preterm birth, compared with CST VI.
CONCLUSIONS: Lactobacillus gasseri/L. johnsonii, L. crispatus/L. acidophilus, L. iners/R. solanacearum and B. longum/B. breve may be associated with decreased risk of early preterm birth. A bacterial vaginosis-related vaginal CST versus a CST nondominated by Lactobacillus may be associated with increased risk of early preterm birth.
UNASSIGNED: Largest study of its kind finds certain species of vaginal Lactobacillus + Bifidobacterium may relate to lower risk of preterm birth.

Lactobacillus is a rare cause of endocarditis with only 78 reported cases in the literature. We report a case of Lactobacillus endocarditis and review reported adult cases since the introduction of the Duke\'s criteria for endocarditis. An analysis is presented with a focus on outcomes. Mortality from reported cases of Lactobacillus endocarditis was found to have substantially improved since 1992. Surgical rates for persistent disease remain the same. Possible reasons for this improvement include better antibiotics, earlier recognition of cases, and more aggressive treatment regimens.

暂无摘要。

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a gram-positive rod that is a commensal of human mucosal tissues. They are usually considered nonpathogenic flora of the mouth, gut, and female genital tract. Lactobacillus is a rare cause of endocarditis with less than 50 cases reported in the world literature to date. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman who developed native mitral valve endocarditis secondary to L. acidophilus, and examine the literature regarding this rare entity.

Infective endocarditis secondary to Lactobacillus acidophilus is rare and difficult to treat. Management of patients allergic to penicillin is further complicated by resistance of Lactobacillus organisms to commonly substituted antibiotics. We report a case of a 46-year old woman successfully treated with a prolonged course of cefazolin and gentamicin.

暂无摘要。

A woman initially aged 25 was treated for seven years for symptomatic vaginal trichomoniasis. Throughout that period the patient received 5-nitroimidazoles at conventional and high dosages, antimicrobial agents to eliminate vaginal organisms capable of interfering with treatment, acidifying preparations, and vaccination with inactivated Lactobacillus acidophilus. Despite all the regimens used, the condition remained refractory to treatment.