许多政府和卫生组织建议减少添加糖的摄入量,因为过量摄入会带来健康风险。包括肥胖的风险。一些组织进一步建议避免饮食甜味,不管来源。完成了范围审查和证据图,以表征调查饮食甜度与体重之间关联的研究。目的是确定和绘制已发表的研究总饮食甜度的研究,甜食/饮料,糖,或甜味剂的摄入量,和体重相关的结果和/或能量摄入。使用预先注册的搜索词(osf.io/my7pb),从PubMed中确定了36,779种出版物(已删除重复项),科克伦图书馆,和Scopus,并筛选纳入。符合条件的研究是临床试验,纵向队列,病例对照研究,横断面研究,以及在成年人(年龄≥18岁)中进行的系统评价,这是为了调查饮食甜度之间的关联,甜食/饮料,糖,或甜味剂(能量或非能量)的摄入量和体重,BMI,肥胖,和/或能量摄入。共识别出833份合格出版物,详细介绍804项研究。只有7项研究(纳入研究的0.9%;2项临床试验,4个横断面研究,和1与另一种设计类型)研究了总饮食甜度与体重相关结果和/或能量摄入之间的关联。另有608项(75.6%)研究调查了甜食/饮料的摄入量,糖,或者甜味剂,与体重相关的结果和/或能量摄入,包括225项临床试验,81个纵向队列,4个病例对照研究,和280个横断面研究。大多数研究(90.6%)没有测量饮食或单个食物的甜度。92份(11.4%)出版物报告了关于饮食模式的研究数据,其中包括甜食/饮料以及其他饮食成分,97份(12.1%)系统评价涉及不同但相关的研究问题。尽管有大量的证据来自调查甜食和饮料摄入量之间的关联的研究,糖,糖甜味剂和体重,关于总饮食甜度和体重之间的关联的证据深度有限.
Numerous governmental and health organizations recommend reduced intake of added sugars due to the health risks associated with excess intake, including the risk of obesity. Some organizations further recommend avoiding dietary sweetness, regardless of the source. A scoping
review and evidence map were completed to characterize the research that investigated associations between dietary sweetness and body weight. The aim was to identify and map published studies that have investigated total dietary sweetness, sweet food/beverages, sugar, or sweetener intake, and body weight-related outcomes and/or energy intake. Using preregistered search terms (osf.io/my7pb), 36,779 publications (duplicates removed) were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus and screened for inclusion. Eligible studies were clinical trials, longitudinal cohorts, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, and systematic reviews conducted among adults (age ≥18 y), which were performed to investigate associations between dietary sweetness, sweet foods/beverages, sugar, or sweetener (energetic or nonenergetic) intake and body weight, BMI, adiposity, and/or energy intake. A total of 833 eligible publications were identified, detailing 804 studies. Only 7 studies (0.9% of included studies; 2 clinical trials, 4 cross-sectional studies, and 1 with another design type) investigated associations between total dietary sweetness and body weight-related outcome and/or energy intake. An additional 608 (75.6%) studies investigated intakes of sweet foods/beverages, sugar, or sweetener, and body weight-related outcomes and/or energy intake, including 225 clinical trials, 81 longitudinal cohorts, 4 case-control studies, and 280 cross-sectional studies. Most studies (90.6%) did not measure the sweetness of the diet or individual foods consumed. Ninety-two (11.4%) publications reported data from studies on dietary patterns that included sweet foods/beverages alongside other dietary components and 97 (12.1%) systematic reviews addressed different but related research questions. Although there is a breadth of evidence from studies that have investigated associations between intakes of sweet foods and beverages, sugars, and sweeteners and body weight, there is a limited depth of evidence on the association between total dietary sweetness and body weight.