在城市和城镇的基础工程中经常挖掘大量的考古木材。出土的部分文物通常被保存,保存,然后在博物馆展出。然而,如果发现包含几个相似的对象,其中一些可能会进一步用于其他一些实际目的。该研究旨在确定在波兹南的Bóºnicza街上挖出的木制水管残骸的机械性能,波兰并评估其对任何实际目的的潜在有用性。首先,木材密度与压缩时的机械强度一起确定。被确定为苏格兰松树的考古木材的密度低于当代松木(383kg×m-3与572kg×m-3);因此,其在压缩试验中的力学性能也较低,正如预期的那样,使木材不适合任何实际应用。然而,木材密度的差异不能证明弹性模量和抗压强度的差异。进一步的红外光谱和X射线衍射分析显示,考古木材和当代木材之间在化学成分和纤维素结晶度方面存在其他差异。结果表明,降解木材中碳水化合物含量和纤维素结晶度降低,which,除了木材密度,显然有助于考古木材的机械强度下降。对发掘的考古木管的案例研究表明,它们具有历史价值,但对实际用途没有用。这也表明,不仅木材的密度,而且其化学组成和纤维素结晶度水平对木材的机械性能有很大的影响,特别是在压缩方面。
Large amounts of archaeological wood are often excavated during groundworks in cities and towns. Part of the unearthed artefacts is usually saved, conserved and then presented in museums. However, if the finding contains several similar objects, some of them could potentially be further employed for some other practical purposes. The research aimed to determine the mechanical performance of the remains of wooden water mains excavated at Bóżnicza street in Poznań, Poland and evaluate its potential usefulness for any practical purposes. First, wood density was determined along with its mechanical strength in compression. The density of archaeological wood identified as Scots pine was lower than contemporary pinewood (383 kg × m-3 vs. 572 kg × m-3); therefore, its mechanical properties in compression tests were also lower, as expected, making the wood unsuitable for any practical applications. However, the differences in modulus of elasticity and compressive strength were not justified by the differences in wood density. Further infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses revealed additional differences in chemical composition and cellulose crystallinity between archaeological and contemporary wood. The results indicated the decrease in carbohydrate content and cellulose crystallinity in degraded wood, which, in addition to wood density, apparently contribute to the deterioration in mechanical strength of archaeological wood. The
case study of the excavated archaeological wooden pipes shows that they have historical value but are not useful for practical purposes. It also revealed that not only wood density but also its chemical composition and cellulose crystallinity level has a substantial impact on the wood mechanical properties, particularly in compression.