脉冲控制平衡的改变，在它的神经基础上，已经报道了肥胖和饮食失调（ED）。神经影像学研究表明，额-顶网络在冲动行为中的作用，通过评估和预期过程，还招募了中观边缘区域。然而,认知和运动冲动的不同方面是否涉及共同与具体的神经相关性仍不清楚.我们通过对延迟折扣（DD）和进行/不进行（GNG）任务的fMRI研究的激活似然估计（ALE）荟萃分析解决了这个问题，除了连词和减法分析。我们还对肥胖或ED患者使用相同任务的神经影像学研究进行了系统评价。ALE结果显示纹状体持续激活，前/后扣带皮质，内侧/左额上回和左踝上回用于DD的冲动性选择，而GNG任务主要引起右偏侧顶叶激活。结合和减法分析显示：i）尾状核中常见的双侧反应；ii）腹侧纹状体中的DD特异性反应，前/后扣带皮质，左颌上和内侧额叶回；iii）右下顶叶皮层的GNG特异性激活。对这两种任务的正面-侧面反应改变表明肥胖和ED的皮质-纹状体平衡功能失调，但由于直接比较患者和对照组的研究数量有限,这些发现存在争议.总的来说,我们发现了冲动运动和认知方面的独特神经相关性的证据：右下顶叶支持动作抑制，而额纹状体区和左脑上回与冲动性决策有关。虽然表明需要对临床样本进行进一步研究以更好地表征其行为变化的神经基础，这些发现有助于完善冲动性的神经认知模型,并突出了ED和肥胖治疗的潜在翻译意义.
Alterations in the impulse-control balance, and in its neural bases, have been reported in obesity and eating disorders (EDs). Neuroimaging studies suggest a role of fronto-parietal networks in impulsive behaviour, with evaluation and anticipatory processes additionally recruiting meso-limbic regions. However, whether distinct facets of cognitive and motor impulsivity involve common vs. specific neural correlates remains unclear. We addressed this issue through Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analyses of fMRI studies on delay discounting (DD) and go/no-go (GNG) tasks, alongside conjunction and subtraction analyses. We also performed systematic reviews of neuroimaging studies using the same tasks in individuals with obesity or EDs. ALE results showed consistent activations in the striatum, anterior/posterior cingulate cortex, medial/left superior frontal gyrus and left supramarginal gyrus for impulsive choices in DD, while GNG tasks elicited mainly right-lateralized fronto-parietal activations. Conjunction and subtraction analyses showed: i) common bilateral responses in the caudate nucleus; ii) DD-specific responses in the ventral striatum, anterior/posterior cingulate cortex, left supramarginal and medial frontal gyri; iii) GNG-specific activations in the right inferior parietal cortex. Altered fronto-lateral responses to both tasks are suggestive of dysfunctional cortico-striatal balance in obesity and EDs, but these findings are controversial due to the limited number of studies directly comparing patients and controls. Overall, we found evidence for distinctive neural correlates of the motor and cognitive facets of impulsivity: the right inferior parietal lobe underpins action inhibition, whereas fronto-striatal regions and the left supramarginal gyrus are related to impulsive decision-making. While showing that further research on clinical samples is required to better characterize the neural bases of their behavioural changes, these findings help refining neurocognitive model of impulsivity and highlight potential translational implications for EDs and obesity treatment.
