The etiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) may be autoimmune. About two-thirds of patients typically experience their first symptoms within 5 days to 3 weeks after common infectious diseases, surgery, or vaccination. Infection is a triggering factor for over 50% of patients. In recent years, a growing number of studies have indicated that some immune checkpoint inhibitors and COVID-19 may also contribute to the occurrence of GBS. However, drugs are considered a rare cause of GBS. The patient in our case was a 70-year-old man who developed GBS after initiating secukinumab for psoriasis. Upon diagnosis suggesting a potential association between secukinumab and the development of GBS, as per the Naranjo adverse drug reaction (ADR) probability scale, we decided to discontinue the drug. Following this intervention, along with the administration of immunoglobulin, the patient exhibited a significant improvement in extremity weakness. The association of GBS with secukinumab treatment, as observed in this case, appears to be uncommon. The underlying mechanisms that may link secukinumab to the development of GBS are not yet fully understood and warrant further scientific inquiry and rigorous investigation. However, we hope that this report can raise greater awareness and vigilance among medical professionals to enhance the safety of patients\' medication.

UNASSIGNED: Bimekizumab, a humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody targeting both interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-17F, could be effective for treating Psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of bimekizumab in the management of PsA.
UNASSIGNED: A comprehensive literature search by August 2023 was performed through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. investigating the efficacy or safety data of bimekizumab in the treatment of PsA. Data was pooled using the random-effects models. Egger tests were used to evaluate potential publication bias.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 4 RCTs, involving 892 PsA patients and 467 placebo controls, were included in this analysis. Bimekizumab significantly increased the rates of PASI75 and PASI100 compared with placebos [RR = 7.22, 95% CI (5.24, 9.94), p < 0.001; RR = 10.12, 95% CI (6.00, 17.09), p < 0.001]. The rate of overall adverse events was slightly higher in the bimekizumab group [RR = 1.42, 95% CI (1.05, 1.93) p = 0.023). However, there were fewer adverse severe drug reactions in the bimekizumab group compared to the placebo.
UNASSIGNED: Bimekizumab had a significant clinical benefit in managing PsA and an acceptable safety profile.

UNASSIGNED: Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic skin condition driven by immune mediators like TNFα, INFγ, IL-17, and IL-23. Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) can develop in PsO patients. Although psoriatic lesions may apparently resolve with therapy, subclinical cutaneous inflammation may persist. The role of tissue-resident memory T-cells (TRM), and regulatory T cells (Tregs) that also contribute to chronic inflammation are being explored in this context. This systematic review explores TRM and Tregs in psoriatic disease (PsD) and its progression.
UNASSIGNED: A systematic review, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, was performed using Pubmed® and Web of Science™ databases on June 3rd 2023, using patient/population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes (PICO) criteria limited to the English language.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 62 reports were identified and included. In PsO, chronic inflammation is driven by cytokines including IL-17 and IL-23, and cellular mediators such as CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. TRM contributes to local inflammation, while Tregs may be dysfunctional in psoriatic skin lesions. Secukinumab and guselkumab, which target IL-17A and the IL-23p19 subunit, respectively, have different effects on CD8+ TRM and Tregs during PsO treatment. Inhibition of IL-23 may provide better long-term results due to its impact on the Treg to CD8+ TRM ratio. IL-23 may contribute to inflammation persisting even after treatment. In PsA, subclinical enthesitis is perceived as an early occurence, and Th17 cells are involved in this pathogenic process. Recent EULAR guidelines highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to intercept PsA. In PsA, CD8+ TRM cells are present in synovial fluid and Tregs are reduced in peripheral blood. The progression from PsO to PsA is marked by a shift in immune profiles, with specific T-cells subsets playing key roles in perpetuating inflammation. Early intervention targeting TRM cells may hold promising, but clinical studies are limited. Ongoing studies such as IVEPSA and PAMPA aim to improve our knowledge regarding PsA interception in high-risk PsO patients, emphasizing the need for further research in this area.
UNASSIGNED: Early intervention is crucial for PsO patients at high risk of PsA; T cells, particularly type 17 helper T cells, and CD8+ cells are key in the progression from PsO-to-PsA. Early targeting of TRM in PsD shows promise but more research is needed.

The introduction of biologic agents for the treatment of psoriasis has revolutionized the current treatment landscape, targeting cytokines in the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 pathway and demonstrating strong efficacy and safety profiles in clinical trials. These agents however are costly, are associated with a risk of immunogenicity, and require administration by intravenous or subcutaneous injection, limiting their use among patients. Oral therapies, specifically small molecule and microbiome therapeutics, have the potential to be more convenient and cost-effective agents for patients and have been a focus of development in recent years, with few targeted oral medications available for the disease. In this manuscript, we review pipeline oral therapies for psoriasis identified through a search of ClinicalTrials.gov (30 June 2022-1 October 2023). Available preclinical and clinical trial data on each therapeutic agent are discussed. Small molecules under development include tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, IL-23 inhibitors, IL-17 inhibitors, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors, A3 adenosine receptor agonists, and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 agonists, several of which are entering phase III trials. Oral microbials have also demonstrated success in early phase studies. As new oral therapies emerge for the treatment of psoriasis, real-world data and comparative trials are needed to better inform their use among patients.

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease with a strong genetic component that brings many challenges to sick individuals, such as chronic illness, and which has multiple associated comorbidities like cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and psychological disorders. Understanding the interplay between the innate and adaptative immune system has led to the discovery of specific cytokine circuits (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-23, IL-17), which has allowed scientists to discover new biomarkers that can be used as predictors of treatment response and pave the way for personalized treatments. In this review, we describe the footprint psoriasis leaves on the skin and beyond, key pathophysiological mechanisms, current available therapeutic options, and drawbacks faced by existing therapies, and we anticipate potential future perspectives that may improve the quality of life of affected individuals.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and pre-eclampsia (PE) are immune-related pregnancy complications that have been linked to CD4+ T cells and their cytokines, which can be influenced by genetic polymorphisms. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between interleukin (IL)-17 and -27 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to RPL and PE.
All eligible case-control studies published up to February 2023 were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The risk of recurrent pregnancy loss and PE associated with the IL-17 rs2275913, IL-17 rs763780, IL-27 rs153109, and IL-27 rs17855750 polymorphisms were estimated for each study.
The meta-analysis incorporated a total of 13 studies. The overall analysis indicated that IL-17 rs2275913, IL-17 rs763780, IL-27 rs153109, and IL-27 rs17855750 polymorphisms were not significantly associated with immune-related pregnancy complications, including RPL and PE. However, when the analysis was stratified by disease type, the IL-17 rs2275913 polymorphism was found to be associated with an increased risk of RPL (recessive model AA/GA + GG: OR = 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-2.49, p = .01).
The IL-17 rs763780, IL-27 rs153109, and IL-27 rs17855750 polymorphisms were not significantly associated with RPL and PE, whereas the IL-17 rs2275913 polymorphism was associated with the susceptibility to recurrent miscarriage.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic autoinflammatory follicular disease, affecting body areas that are rich in apocrine glands. Moderate-to-severe HS may severely impair patients\' quality of life also because the available therapies are often unsatisfactory. Several lines of evidence suggest that inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-17 play a pivotal role in the physiopathology of HS. TNF-α inhibitors have long been used with benefit in moderate-severe forms of HS. However, several monoclonal antibodies against IL-17 isoforms are currently being investigated for HS. We report the case of a 50-year-old man with long-standing HS and concomitant palmo-plantar psoriasis treated with brodalumab after failure of various TNF-α inhibitors. The HS lesions and the patient\'s quality of life improved steadily over time until week-136. Interestingly, the clinical benefit was confirmed by radiological improvement with MRI evaluation. Our case report demonstrates the long-term efficacy and safety of brodalumab in HS encouraging the use of drugs to inhibit the T helper-type 17 immune axis, especially in cases of HS refractory to therapy with TNF-α inhibitors.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a common autoimmune disease with a global incidence and newly diagnosed population estimated at 5.14 (range, 1.4-15.13) per 100,000 person-years and 0.40 million people annually, respectively, affects multiple tissues and organs; for example, skin, blood system, heart and kidneys. Accumulating data has also demonstrated that psoriasis (PS) can be a systemic inflammatory disease, which can affect organs other than the skin and occur alongside other autoimmune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and SLE. The current explanations for the possible comorbidity of PS and SLE include: i) The two diseases share susceptible gene loci; ii) they share a common IL-23/T helper 17 (Th17) axis inflammatory pathway; and iii) the immunopathogenesis of the two conditions is a consequence of the interactions between IL-17 cytokines with effector Th17 cells, T regulatory cells, as well as B cells. In addition, the therapeutic efficacy of IL-17 or TNF-α inhibitors has been demonstrated in PS, and has also become evident in SLE. However, the mechanisms have not been investigated. To the best of our knowledge, there remains a lack of substantial studies on the correlation between PS and SLE. In the present review, the literature, with regards to the epidemiology, genetic predisposition, inflammatory mechanisms and treatment of the patients with both PS and SLE, has been reviewed. Further investigations into the molecular pathogenic mechanism may provide drug targets that could benefit the patients with concomitant PS and SLE.

Systemic chemotherapy has shown a significant survival benefit in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it is associated with various immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We report a case with grade 3 diarrhea and grade 2 colitis following systemic chemotherapy, successfully treated with prednisolone. An 89-year-old man was incidentally detected with a 140-mm hypervascular intrahepatic nodule on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). Washout of the contrast medium was also detected, and protein induced by vitamin K deficiency or antagonists-II (PIVKA-II) was elevated. Since the Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) grade was 2a without any distant metastasis, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed to treat the HCC, but several intrahepatic nodules were seen in both lobes. Therefore, the patient was treated with lenvatinib for 1 year and 4 months. A complete response according to modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) criteria was achieved in 2 months; however, multiple hypervascular nodules were detected again. Since the ALBI grade was 1, a second round of chemotherapy with atezolizumab and bevacizumab was initiated. Although a complete response was achieved, the therapy was discontinued due to grade 3 diarrhea and grade 2 colitis after the sixth course. Based on the stool analysis and culture, CECT, and colonoscopy, the diagnosis was atezolizumab-associated colitis. Diarrhea was controlled following the oral administration of 0.5 mg/kg/day of prednisolone, and atezolizumab-bevacizumab therapy was successfully reinitiated without recurrence of colitis. The management of irAEs is important for a significant survival benefit. Systemic chemotherapy with atezolizumab and bevacizumab can be resumed despite a grade 3 irAE due to atezolizumab.

UNASSIGNED: Since Anti-IL-17s availability, concerns about their safety have been raised due to the inhibition of physiological activities that IL-17A plays in the immune response against infections. Ixekizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody specifically targeting IL-17A approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis.
UNASSIGNED: The aim of this review is to evaluate the safety profile of ixekizumab in moderate-to-severe psoriasis patients. A compressive literature review has included articles since March 2022.
UNASSIGNED: In our analysis, most of the reported AEs were mild or moderate and rarely required treatment discontinuation. Among the class-specific AEs to consider during ixekizumab treatment, there are the risk of Candida infections and the risk of IBD, both of which were reported more frequently than placebo or other biologics (etanercept, ustekinumab, and guselkumab). However, the reported candidiasis resulted in mild-to-moderate and easily managed. The risk of IBD (both exacerbation and de novo diagnosis) represents a class effect of IL-17 inhibitors, which should be well evaluated before considering starting ixekizumab treatment. The most common AEs were represented by nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, and injection-site reactions. The analyzed studies confirmed the favorable safety profile of ixekizumab even in more recently published studies.