啤酒花(HumuluslupulusL.)的药用潜力在古代文献中被广泛引用,并且在一些官方药典中也被允许用于治疗各种疾病,主要与焦虑状态有关。这是由于过多的植物成分(例如,苦味酸,多酚,异戊二烯类黄酮)存在于雌性花序中,通常被称为锥体或strobili,具有抗炎作用,抗氧化剂,抗菌,和植物雌激素活性。由于xanthohumol的存在,Hop最近引起了科学界的兴趣,其对各种类型的癌细胞的强大抗癌活性已得到充分证明,还有8-异戊二烯基柚皮素的存在,已知最有效的植物雌激素。文献中的研究还表明,啤酒花化合物可以阻碍许多信号通路,包括ERK1/2磷酸化,调节AP-1活性,PI3K-Akt,核因子NF-κB,它们是苦味酸和异戊二烯类黄酮抗增殖作用的主要目标。鉴于这些考虑,这项审查的目的是提供在啤酒花中发现的主要生物活性化合物的最新概述,以及它们在体外和体内对人类健康和疾病预防的应用。为此,采用定量文献分析方法,使用VOSviewer软件提取和处理Scopus文献计量数据。此外,对文献中生物活性酒花化合物的药代动力学数据和临床研究进行了分析。为了使信息更完整,对属于Humulus属的其他两个物种的有益特性的研究,刺槐和云南刺槐,也是第一次审查。
The medicinal potential of hop (
Humulus lupulus L.) is widely cited in ancient literature and is also allowed in several official pharmacopoeias for the treatment of a variety of ailments, mainly related to anxiety states. This is due to the plethora of phytoconstituents (e.g., bitter acids, polyphenols, prenyl flavonoids) present in the female inflorescences, commonly known as cones or strobili, endowed with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and phytoestrogen activities. Hop has recently attracted the interest of the scientific community due to the presence of xanthohumol, whose strong anti-cancer activity against various types of cancer cells has been well documented, and for the presence of 8-prenyl naringenin, the most potent known phytoestrogen. Studies in the literature have also shown that hop compounds can hinder numerous signalling pathways, including ERK1/2 phosphorylation, regulation of AP-1 activity, PI3K-Akt, and nuclear factor NF-κB, which are the main targets of the antiproliferative action of bitter acids and prenylflavonoids. In light of these considerations, the aim of this
review was to provide an up-to-date overview of the main biologically active compounds found in hops, as well as their in vitro and in vivo applications for human health and disease prevention. To this end, a quantitative literature analysis approach was used, using VOSviewer software to extract and process Scopus bibliometric data. In addition, data on the pharmacokinetics of bioactive hop compounds and clinical studies in the literature were analysed. To make the information more complete, studies on the beneficial properties of the other two species belonging to the genus
Humulus, H. japonicus and H. yunnanensis, were also reviewed for the first time.