背景:胆囊血管肉瘤是一种罕见的诊断实体,病理学家很少遇到,文献报道也很少。这篇综述旨在检查临床病理特征,免疫组织化学,治疗,和胆囊血管肉瘤的结果。
方法:对PubMed的搜索,ScienceDirect和GoogleScholar的搜索条件(“血管肉瘤”或“血管肉瘤”)和(“胆囊”或“胆囊”)。根据纳入和排除标准,只有病例报告可用于本次审查。
结果:最后选择8例病例报告进行分析。患者就诊时的平均年龄为65岁。在男性中最常见。腹痛和可触及的肿块是最常见的症状。胆石症和贫血也有报道。在组织病理学上,血管肉瘤的形态上皮样外观明显。细胞角蛋白(CK)AE1/AE3,血管性血友病因子,因子VIII抗原,Vimentin,CD31阳性。同时,UEA,CD34,CD117,S-100,角蛋白,EMA,CEA显示阴性结果。手术是首选的治疗方法,平均随访10个月。
结论:尽管没有令人信服的数据,组织学和免疫组织化学分析在胆囊血管肉瘤的诊断中起主要作用。然而,需要更全面的临床研究,为胆囊血管肉瘤的治疗和诊断提供通用指南。
BACKGROUND: Angiosarcoma of the gallbladder is a rare diagnostic entity rarely encountered by pathologists and has rarely been reported in literature. This
review aimed to examine the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemistry, treatment, and outcomes of gallbladder angiosarcoma.
METHODS: A search of the PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar was done with the search terms (\"angiosarcoma\" OR \"angiosarcomas\") AND (\"gallbladder\" OR \"gallbladders\"). Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, only case reports could be used for this
review.
RESULTS: 8 case reports were chosen in the end for analysis. The mean age of the patients at presentation was 65 years. It was most frequently observed in males. Abdominal pain and palpable mass were the most commonly reported symptoms. Cholelithiasis and anemia were also reported. On histopathology morphologically epithelioid appearance of angiosarcoma was evident. Cytokeratin (CK) AE1/AE3, Von willebrand factor, Factor VIII antigen, Vimentin, CD31 were positive. Meanwhile, UEA, CD34, CD117, S-100, Keratin, EMA, and CEA showed negative outcome. Surgery was the preferred method of treatment and a mean 10-months follow-up was done.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the unavailability of convincing data, histological and immunohistochemical analyses play a major role in the diagnosis of gallbladder angiosarcoma. Nevertheless, more comprehensive clinical studies are required to provide universal guidelines for the treatment and diagnosis of angiosarcoma of the gallbladder.