蜱传疾病在美国呈上升趋势,在过去的二十年里,报告的病例急剧上升。在这篇文献综述中,我们综合了美国东北部四种tick虫物种的植被与tick虫丰度之间关系的现有研究,这些物种对人类具有潜在的医学重要性。黑腿蜱(Ixodescapularis)(说;Acari:Ixodidae)被发现与封闭的冠层森林和茂密的植被灌木丛呈正相关,与开放的树冠环境呈负相关,如草原或古老的农田。美国狗蜱(Dermacentorvariabilis)(说;Acari:Ixodidae)与肩胛骨I几乎没有栖息地重叠,在草和开放的树冠领域中丰度最高。孤独的星tick(Amblyommaamericanum)(Linnaeus;Acari:Ixodidae)是栖息地的通才,与特定类型的植被没有一致的联系。美国东北部最近引入的亚洲长角蜱(Haemphysalislongicornis)(Neumann;Acari:Ixodidae)的栖息地协会,在它入侵的其他地区,仍然未知,尽管基于其原生范围的研究,它很可能在草原和开阔的树冠栖息地中发现。
Tick-borne illnesses have been on the rise in the United States, with reported cases up sharply in the past two decades. In this literature
review, we synthesize the available research on the relationship between vegetation and tick abundance for four tick species in the northeastern United States that are of potential medical importance to humans. The blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis) (Say; Acari: Ixodidae) is found to be positively associated with closed canopy forests and dense vegetation thickets, and negatively associated with open canopy environments, such as grasslands or old agricultural fields. The American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis) (Say; Acari: Ixodidae) has little habitat overlap with I. scapularis, with abundance highest in grasses and open-canopy fields. The lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) (Linnaeus; Acari: Ixodidae) is a habitat generalist without consistent associations with particular types of vegetation. The habitat associations of the recently introduced Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) (Neumann; Acari: Ixodidae) in the northeastern United States, and in other regions where it has invaded, are still unknown, although based on studies in its native range, it is likely to be found in grasslands and open-canopy habitats.