目的:在大多数资源丰富的环境中,常规病毒载量和耐药性测试得到了很好的支持,并为这些社区的PLWH临床护理提供了宝贵的益处。毫无疑问,在撒哈拉以南非洲,扩大病毒载量和耐药性测试存在财政和政治限制。为了实现艾滋病规划署95/95/95的全球目标,有必要弥合患者护理中的这种不平等现象,并允许采用一种普遍的方法,使社区不会落后。
方法:收集来自Korle-Bu教学医院二线ART的96个PLWH的静脉血,并将其处理成血浆,用于CD4+T细胞和病毒载量评估。从储存的血浆中提取核糖核酸(RNA)并扩增蛋白酶基因,使用StanfordHIV耐药数据库对亚型和耐药突变进行测序和分析。
结果:在96PLWH中,37例经历病毒学失败,8例患者样本成功测序。确定的主要HIV-1亚型为CRF02_AG(6/8,75.0%),CFR06_cpx感染各12.5%(1/8),1例无法亚型。鉴定出的主要PI抗性突变是;M46I,I54V,V82A,I47V,I84V和L90M。
结论:在本研究中经历过病毒学失败的HIV感染者携带PI耐药突变,从而损害了二线药物的有效性。强烈建议在切换到新方案之前进行抗性测试。这将有助于在加纳的PLWH中告知药物的选择并实现最佳治疗结果。
OBJECTIVE: Routine viral load and drug resistance testing are well supported in most resource-rich settings and provide valuable benefits in the clinical care of PLWH in these communities. Undoubtedly, there exist financial and political constraints for the scale-up of viral load and drug resistance testing in Sub-Saharan Africa. To achieve the global UNAIDS 95/95/95 targets, there is the need to bridge this inequity in patient care and allow for a universal approach that leaves no community behind.
METHODS: Venous blood from 96 PLWH on second-line ART from Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital were collected and processed into plasma for CD4+ T- cell and viral load assessments. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from stored plasma and the protease gene amplified, sequenced and analyzed for subtype and drug resistance mutations using the Stanford HIV drug resistance database.
RESULTS: Out of the 96 PLWH, 37 experienced virological failure with 8 patients\' samples successfully sequenced. The predominant HIV-1 subtype identified was CRF02_AG (6/8, 75.0%) with 12.5% (1/8) each of CFR06_cpx infection and one
case unable to subtype. The major PI resistance mutations identified were; M46I, I54V, V82A, I47V, I84V and L90M.
CONCLUSIONS: Persons living with HIV who had experienced virologic failure in this study harboured drug resistance mutations to PI, thus compromise the effectiveness of the drugs in the second line. Resistance testing is strongly recommended prior to switching to a new regimen. This will help to inform the choice of drug and to achieve optimum therapeutic outcome among PLWH in Ghana.