背景:帕米膦酸盐用于治疗高钙血症。然而,帕米膦酸盐治疗的一个罕见但潜在的不良事件是低钙血症.这份报告描述了一个不寻常的严重病例,单次注射帕米膦酸盐治疗狗因糖皮质激素戒断引起的高钙血症后不可逆的低钙血症。
方法:一只11岁的阉割男性马耳他犬出现厌食症,呕吐,和腹泻(第0天)。病人全身都有骨钙质沉着症,腹内器官钙化,轻度氮质血症,和严重的高钙血症.严重的钙化归因于长期的糖皮质激素给药,在演示前1个月终止。液体疗法,利尿剂,降钙素,帕米膦酸盐单次静脉注射用于治疗高钙血症。在第14天,达到了正常的钙血症,但发生了肾功能衰竭。第20天,发生严重且不可逆的低钙血症,在第42天,患者因病情恶化的低钙血症和肾功能衰竭,应患者的要求实施安乐死。
结论:尽管低钙血症是双膦酸盐治疗中极为罕见的不良事件,根据患者的基本情况,双膦酸盐如帕米膦酸盐可能导致潜在的危及生命的疾病。因此,在开始使用帕米膦酸盐治疗高钙血症之前,应密切监测患者的病情,并仔细评估任何潜在的病情。
BACKGROUND: Pamidronate is used for the treatment of hypercalcemia. However, a rare but potential adverse event of pamidronate treatment is hypocalcemia. This report describes an unusual
case of severe, irreversible hypocalcemia after a single injection of pamidronate for the treatment of hypercalcemia due to glucocorticoid withdrawal in a dog.
METHODS: An 11-year-old castrated male Maltese dog presented with anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea (day 0). The patient had calcinosis cutis throughout the body, calcification of intraabdominal organs, mild azotemia, and severe hypercalcemia. The severe calcification was attributed to long-term glucocorticoid administration, which was discontinued 1 month before presentation. Fluid therapy, diuretics, calcitonin, and a single intravenous injection of pamidronate were used for the treatment of hypercalcemia. On day 14, normocalcemia was achieved, but renal failure occurred. On day 20, severe and irreversible hypocalcemia occurred, and on day 42, the patient was euthanized at the owner\'s request because of worsened hypocalcemia and renal failure.
CONCLUSIONS: Although hypocalcemia is an extremely rare adverse event of bisphosphonate treatment, bisphosphonates like pamidronate can result in potentially life-threatening conditions according to the patient\'s underlying conditions. Therefore, the patient\'s condition should be closely monitored and any underlying conditions should be carefully evaluated before initiating the treatment for hypercalcemia using pamidronate.