暂无摘要。

Each year the European Association of Urology (EAU) produce a document based on the most recent evidence on the diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up of testicular cancer (TC).
To represent a summarised version of the EAU guidelines on TC for 2023 with a focus on key changes in the 2023 update.
A multidisciplinary panel of TC experts, comprising urologists, medical and radiation oncologists, and pathologists, reviewed the results from a structured literature search to compile the guidelines document. Each recommendation in the guidelines was assigned a strength rating.
For the 2023 EAU guidelines on TC, a review and restructure were undertaken. The key changes incorporated in the 2023 update include: new supporting text regarding venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in males with metastatic germ cell tumours receiving chemotherapy; quality of life after treatment; an update of the histological classifications and inclusion of the World Health Organization 2022 pathological classification; inclusion of the revalidation of the 1997 International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group prognostic risk factors; and a new section covering oncology treatment protocols.
The 2023 version of the EAU guidelines on TC include the highest available scientific evidence to standardise the management of TC. Better stratification and optimisation of treatment modalities will continue to improve the high survival rates for patients with TC.
This article presents a summary of the European Association of Urology guidelines on testicular cancer published in 2023 and includes the latest recommendations for management of this disease. The guidelines are a valuable resource that may help patients in understanding treatment recommendations.

Rare ovarian tumours include complex borderline ovarian tumours, sex-cord tumours, germ cell tumours and rare epithelial tumours. Indications and modalities of fertility preservation (FP), infertility management, contraindications for hormonal contraception or menopause hormone therapy are frequent issues in clinical practice. A panel of experts from the French national network dedicated to rare gynaecological cancers, and experts in reproductive medicine and gynaecology have built guidelines on FP, contraception and menopause hormone therapy in women treated for ovarian rare tumours.
A panel of 35 experts from different specialties contributed to the preparation of the guidelines, following the DELPHI method (formal consensus method). Statements were drafted after a systematic literature review and then rated through two successive rounds.
Thirty-five recommendations were identified, concerning indications for FP, contraindications for ovarian stimulation, contraceptive options and menopause hormone therapy for each tumour type.
Overall, caution has been recommended in the case of potentially hormone-sensitive tumours such as sex-cord tumours, serous and endometrioid low-grade adenocarcinomas, as well as for high-risk serous borderline ovarian tumours.
In the context of a scarce literature, a formal consensus method allowed the elaboration of guidelines, which will help clinicians in the management of these patients.

Despite the continuous growth of the internet, little is known about the quality of online information on testicular cancer, the most common solid malignancy in young men. In our study, we analysed the quality, readability and popularity of the most popular websites on testicular cancer. Therefore, we performed a web search for the term \"testicular cancer\" using www.google.com . Fifty-one websites were evaluated for HONcode quality certification, Alexa Popularity Rank and readability levels. Furthermore, the websites\' content on eight major topics of the current European Association of Urology Guidelines on testicular cancer was assessed. Fourteen (28%) had a HONcode quality certificate and the mean Alexa Popularity Rank of all 51 websites was 54,040 (interquartile range 6648-282,797). Websites were difficult to read requiring 9 years of US school education to properly understand the information. The websites mentioned 80% of the guideline topics on average, revealing \"prognosis\" (59%) and \"follow-up\" (57%) as underrepresented subtopics. Furthermore, 12% of all topics were displayed incorrectly, particularly due to wrong information concerning \"aetiology\" (42%). Sixty percent of the topics were mentioned in an incomplete fashion, with less than half of the websites displaying complete information on \"staging\" (47%), \"diagnostic evaluation\" (49%) or \"disease management\" (45%). In general, online health information concerning testicular cancer is mentioned correctly on most websites. However, improvement regarding readability and completeness of the given information is needed. Nevertheless, highly selected websites on testicular cancer can serve as an appropriate source of patient information.

BACKGROUND: This is an update of the previous European Association of Urology testis cancer guidelines published in 2011, which included major changes in the diagnosis and treatment of germ cell tumours.
OBJECTIVE: To summarise latest developments in the treatment of this rare disease. Recommendations have been agreed within a multidisciplinary working group consisting of urologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists.
METHODS: A semi-structured literature search up to February 2015 was performed to update the recommendations. In addition, this document was subjected to double-blind peer review before publication.
RESULTS: This publication focuses on the most important changes in treatment recommendations for clinical stage I disease and the updated recommendations for follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: Most changes in the recommendations will lead to an overall reduction in treatment burden for patients with germ cell tumours. In advanced stages, treatment intensification is clearly defined to further improve overall survival rates.
RESULTS: This is an update of a previously published version of the European Association of Urology guidelines for testis cancer, and includes new recommendations for clinical stage I disease and revision of the follow-up recommendations. Patients should be fully informed of all the treatment options available to them.

OBJECTIVE: The handling and reporting of testicular tumours is difficult due to their rarity.
RESULTS: A survey developed by the European Network of Uro-Pathology (ENUP) and sent to its members and experts to assess the evaluation of testicular germ cell tumours. Twenty-five experts and 225 ENUP members replied. Areas of disagreement included immaturity in teratomas, reported by 32% of experts but 68% of ENUP. Although the presence of rete testis invasion was reported widely, the distinction between pagetoid and stromal invasion was made by 96% of experts but only 63% of ENUP. Immunohistochemistry was used in more than 50% of cases by 68% of ENUP and 12% of experts. Staging revealed the greatest areas of disagreement. Invasion of the tunica vaginalis without vascular invasion was interpreted as T1 by 52% of experts and 67% of ENUP, but T2 by the remainder. Tumour invading the hilar adipose tissue adjacent to the epididymis without vascular invasion was interpreted as T1: 40% of experts, 43% of ENUP; T2: 36% of experts, 30% of ENUP; and T3: 24% of experts, 27% of ENUP.
CONCLUSIONS: There is remarkable consensus in many areas of testicular pathology. Significant areas of disagreement included staging and reporting of histological types, both of which have the potential to impact on therapy.

The Third International Central Nervous System (CNS) Germ Cell Tumour (GCT) Symposium brought together over 100 delegates from all over the world to learn about the latest developments in these tumours and discuss future strategies for their management. Some areas of consensus were agreed upon, and controversies were discussed. Among these, the classification of GCTs and the surgical approach to their management were among the greatest areas of difference between different parts of the world. The need for radiotherapy (RT) as a part of standard first-line management for all malignant CNS GCTs was agreed, as well as the need for additional chemotherapy to maximise the cure in nongerminomatous malignant GCTs; the benefit of the addition of chemotherapy in localised germinoma to reduce the RT burden was also accepted as a good practice. The potential of biological parameters to assist the future diagnosis, treatment stratification, and disease monitoring for CNS GCTs was discussed. Such biological parameters may also represent targets for the development of novel therapies. The need for further collaboration between groups engaged in biological studies was agreed. The merits of proton beam RT were debated, and the importance of mitigating the long-term side effects of the treatment was underlined by a session on late effects.