背景:研究表明,新型异恶唑啉,lotilaner(Credelio™CAT;Elanco动物健康),对猫口服,在给药后至少1个月内提供快速和持续的跳蚤杀死,具有广泛的安全边际。进行了临床试验以确认其疗效,在野外条件下对跳蚤过敏性皮炎(FAD)和安全性的影响。
方法:在美国的11个兽医诊所中,总共343只猫被纳入研究。一经列入,猫家庭以2:1的比例随机分配,以推荐剂量(最低6mg/kg)或含有氟虫腈S-甲氧烯的局部制剂(Frontline®Plus用于猫;BoehringerIngelheim),按标签管理。所有者在第0、30和60天被分配用于施用的治疗;所有家猫被施用相同的治疗。在第0天(预处理)对主要猫(每户1只猫)进行跳蚤计数,30、60和90。在第30、60和90天评估所有在第0天具有FAD征象的猫的跳蚤变态反应性皮炎。还评估了洛蒂兰纳治疗的猫对宠物主人口服片剂给药的接受程度,并对两组所有猫进行安全性评估。
结果:Lotilaner在第30、60和90天的疗效分别为98.3、99.9和99.9%,氟虫腈+S-甲氧胺的疗效分别为61.6、75.4和84.7%,分别(两组和所有天数内P<0.0001)。在每个评估日,lotilaner组的跳蚤计数显着低于fipronilS-methoprene组(P<0.0001)。在第90天,98.3%的lotilaner治疗的猫和28.8%的氟虫腈S-甲氧胺治疗的猫没有跳蚤。主人成功地给他们的猫服用了99.5%的药片。两组治疗后到第30天,总FAD评分均显着降低(lotilaner:P<0.0001;氟虫腈S-甲基戊烯:P=0.0041),并在多次治疗后继续降低。在第90天,lotilaner组的FAD总评分也显着低于fipronilS-methoprene组(FAD总评分P=0.0006)。在所有评估日,lotilaner组的瘙痒评分均显着降低。
结论:单洛蒂兰治疗,由宠物主人管理,在30天内减少跳蚤计数的效率>98%。连续三个月的lotilaner治疗导致跳蚤侵染减少近100%。在对跳蚤计数的评估中,没有跳蚤和瘙痒的猫的数量FAD评分,在所有时间点,lotilaner均优于氟虫腈S-甲基戊烯。Lotilaner比氟虫腈S-甲氧烯更有效,并且与FAD体征的减少更大。Lotilaner调味的片剂被猫很好地接受。不良反应轻微且罕见,确认客户拥有的猫中lotilaner片剂的安全性。
BACKGROUND: Studies show that the novel isoxazoline, lotilaner (Credelio™ CAT; Elanco Animal Health), which is administered orally to cats, provides rapid and sustained flea kill for least 1 month following administration with a wide safety margin. A clinical
trial was undertaken to confirm its efficacy, impact on flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) and safety under field conditions.
METHODS: A total of 343 cats were enrolled in the
study at 11 veterinary clinics in the USA. Upon inclusion, cat households were randomized at a ratio of 2:1 to receive lotilaner tablets at the recommended dose (minimum 6 mg/kg) or a topical formulation containing fipronil + S-methoprene (Frontline® Plus for cats; Boehringer Ingelheim), administered per label. Owners were dispensed treatments for administration on days 0, 30 and 60; all household cats were administered the same treatment. Flea counts were made on primary cats (1 cat per household) on days 0 (pre-treatment), 30, 60 and 90. Flea allergy dermatitis was assessed on days 30, 60 and 90 for all cats with signs of FAD on day 0. Lotilaner-treated cats were also assessed for their acceptance of oral tablet administration by the pet owner, and safety was assessed for all cats in both groups.
RESULTS: Lotilaner efficacy was 98.3, 99.9 and 99.9% on days 30, 60 and 90, respectively, while the efficacy of fipronil + S-methoprene was 61.6, 75.4 and 84.7%, respectively (P < 0.0001, within both groups and all days). Flea counts were significantly lower in the lotilaner group than in the fipronil + S-methoprene group (P < 0.0001) on each assessment day. On day 90, 98.3% of lotilaner-treated cats and 28.8% of fipronil + S-methoprene-treated cats were free of fleas. Owners successfully administered 99.5% of tablets to their cats. Total FAD score was reduced significantly following treatment in both groups by day 30 (lotilaner: P < 0.0001; fipronil + S-methoprene: P = 0.0041) and continued to decrease following multiple treatments. Total FAD scores were also significantly lower in the lotilaner group than in the fipronil + S-methoprene group on day 90 (P = 0.0006 for FAD total score). Pruritus scores were significantly lower in the lotilaner group on all assessment days.
CONCLUSIONS: A single lotilaner treatment, administered by the pet owner, was > 98% efficacious in reducing flea counts within 30 days. Three consecutive monthly lotilaner treatments resulted in nearly 100% reduction in flea infestation. In the evaluations of flea counts, number of cats free from fleas and pruritus FAD score, lotilaner was shown to be superior to fipronil + S-methoprene at all time points. Lotilaner was more efficacious than fipronil + S-methoprene and was associated with greater reduction in FAD signs. Lotilaner flavored tablets were well accepted by cats. Adverse reactions were mild and infrequent, confirming the safety of lotilaner tablets in client-owned cats.