背景:药品在医疗机构的医疗支出中占很大比例。他们的有效库存管理需要使库存成本与客户需求相匹配,并避免任何医疗机构的供应短缺。本研究旨在使用ABC-VEN分析来分析药品库存管理。
方法:这项研究是在卢旺达医疗供应(RMS)有限公司进行的,Nyamagabe分支机构,从2017-2018财政年度到2019-2020财政年度,向Nyamagabe区集水区的医疗机构分发产品。它由457个项目的描述性回顾性研究组成。后者是在研究期间分发给公共卫生设施的通用基本药物。产品按照重要性的降序排列,我们根据帕累托原则对产品进行了细分。在对向医疗机构收费的此类药物的分布数据进行ABC分析之后,进行了VEN分析,以确定需要更多关注的高价值重要产品.
结果:在ABC分析期间,将76种产品归入A组,占所有产品总成本的19.84%,价值为74.91%。B组包括116种产品,占30.29%,占总成本的20%,而C组有191种产品,占49.87%,价值仅占总成本的5.09%。在VEN分析期间,202种产品(44.20%)被归类为生命,231(50.54%)是必需的,24种产品(75.26%)为非生命产品。ABC-VEN分析得出的第一类药物占所有药物的55.80%,占所有总成本的87.88%,II类占40.70%,总成本为11.82%,和III类占3.50%,成本为0.3%。
结论:这项研究结果表明,重要和昂贵产品的库存管理,比如抗生素,抗高血压药物,耗材,和大规模的解决方案将被仔细监测,以防止此类产品在医疗机构的水平短缺。ABC-VEN分析是实现其优化供应链的实用且负担得起的方法之一。
BACKGROUND: Pharmaceuticals account for a large portion of healthcare spending in healthcare organizations. Their effective inventory management is required to match the cost of stocks with the customer demand and avoid shortage of supplies at any health facility level. This study aimed to analyze pharmaceuticals\' inventory management using ABC-VEN analysis.
METHODS: The study was conducted at Rwanda Medical Supply (RMS) Ltd, Nyamagabe Branch for products distributed to health facilities in Nyamagabe District catchment area from the financial years 2017-2018 to 2019-2020. It consisted of a descriptive retrospective study of 457 items. The latter are generic essential medicines distributed to public health facilities during the study period. Products were arranged according to a descending order of importance, and we performed a breakdown of products according to the Pareto Principle. Following an ABC analysis of distribution data for such drugs billed to healthcare facilities, a VEN analysis was performed to identify high-value vital products that require more attention.
RESULTS: During the ABC analysis, 76 products were classified in group A. These accounted for 19.84% and had a value of 74.91% of the total cost of all products. Group B included 116 products, representing 30.29% with a value of 20% of the total cost, while Group C had 191 products, representing 49.87% with a value of only 5.09% of the total cost. During the VEN analysis, 202 products (44.20%) were classified as vital, 231 (50.54%) as essential, and 24 products (75.26%) as non-vital. The analysis with ABC-VEN resulted in Class I representing 55.80% of all medicines that cost 87.88% of all total cost, Class II representing 40.70% with a total cost of 11.82%, and Class III representing 3.50% with a cost of 0.3%.
CONCLUSIONS: This study results show that inventory management of vital and expensive products, such as antibiotics, antihypertensive pharmaceuticals, consumables, and massive solutions would be carefully monitored to prevent a shortage of such products at health facility levels. The ABC-VEN analysis is one of the practical and affordable method to achieve their optimized supply chain.