■安全的可用性和可负担性,有效,可访问,高质量的基本药物是实现健康权的关键基准,这也是全球卫生发展议程的目标之一。为此,进行严格的研究以确定发展中国家面临的主要挑战至关重要,尤其是在非洲。
■本次审查的目的是确定非洲人在获得价格合理且易于获得的基本药物方面面临的主要挑战。
■通常使用布尔运算符\"AND\"和\"OR\"。取得进展还涉及使用重复检查,字段定义,以及文章和标准的比较。该分析包括2005年至2022年期间在任何非洲国家发表的所有英文论文,具体取决于发表年份。该技术在电子数据库中搜索与基本药物的可获得性和可负担性相关的关键短语,比如PubMed,WebofScience,Scopus,科学直接,Plos医学,谷歌学者。
■共91篇文章;通过使用搜索引擎和包含副本的人工挑选,主要是搜索。电子数据库搜索获得了78篇文章,而只有11项研究符合审查标准,其中5项(50%)来自东非国家。人力资源不足,财政限制,市场上现有药物的高成本,库存管理不善,手动消费预测,药品注册效率低下,以及与贸易有关的知识产权协议条例都是非洲国家获得基本药物的障碍。
■这篇评论显示,在非洲,基本药物的可获得性和可负担性面临许多挑战。主要挑战,根据综述研究,是缺乏足够的资金来支付一套适当的基本药物,占家庭支出的很大一部分。
UNASSIGNED: The availability and affordability of safe, effective, accessible, and high-quality essential medicines is a critical benchmark for achieving the right to good health, and it is also one of the goals of the global health development agenda. To that end, it is critical to conduct rigorous studies to identify the major challenges confronting developing countries, particularly those in Africa.
UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this
review was to identify the major challenges that Africans face in obtaining reasonably priced and readily available essential medicines.
UNASSIGNED: Generally the Boolean operators \"AND\" and \"OR\" were employed. Making progress also involves using duplicate checks, field definitions, and comparisons of articles and criteria. The analysis included all English-language papers published in any African country between 2005 and 2022, depending on the year of publication. The technique searches electronic databases for key phrases related to essential medication availability and affordability, such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Plos Medicine, and Google Scholar.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 91 articles; by using search engines and handpicking including duplicates, were primarily searched. The electronic database search earned 78 articles while only eleven studies met the criteria for
review and were reviewed of which 5 (50%) were from East African countries. Inadequate human resources, financial constraints, high cost of available medications on the market, poor inventory management, manual consumption forecasting, inefficiencies in drug registration, and trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights agreement regulations are all obstacles to the availability of essential medicines in African nations.
UNASSIGNED: This
review revealed that in Africa, the availability and affordability of essential medicines face numerous challenges. The primary challenge, according to the
review research, is a lack of adequate financing to pay for an appropriate set of essential medications, which account for a significant portion of household spending.