Osteolytic lesions in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) during rehabilitation are attributed to multiple causes, including gas embolism, hypothermia, and osteomyelitis due to bacterial or fungal infection. This study reports the appearance of osteolytic lesions in a sub-adult loggerhead sea turtle with involvement of the right fore and hind flippers, visible swelling of the elbow and knee joints, and accompanied by lameness after 45 days of rehabilitation. Radiographs and computed tomography revealed multiple lytic bone lesions. This was the fourth rehabilitation admission of the turtle after being accidentally captured by trawler ships (bycatch) in 2019, 2020, 2022, and 2023. Potential causes were dysbaric osteonecrosis due to a past decompression sickness event and hypothermia with osteomyelitis from bacterial infection. Blood cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing led to the isolation of Ewingella americana responsive to enrofloxacin. This study investigates extensive fore and hind flipper involvement in a sub-adult loggerhead turtle, aiming to determine causes and risk factors. The pathogenesis and significance of these lesions is discussed.

UNASSIGNED: Dysbaric osteonecrosis (DON) is a specific type of atraumatic osteonecrosis that has been shown to occur mainly in deep-sea divers and workers exposed to increased air pressure environments. The pathophysiology is not entirely understood but is thought to be due to subclinical decompression sickness resulting in arterial gas emboli. This leads to vascular occlusion and subsequent bone death.
UNASSIGNED: An active 56-year-old male diver presented with progressive bilateral shoulder pain and dysfunction due to bilateral DON of the humeral head and associated posterosuperior rotator cuff tearing. The diagnosis was confirmed by physical examination, X-rays, and magnetic resonance imaging. Due to failure of conservative treatment, a single-stage bilateral, subscapularis-sparing, stemless shoulder hemiarthroplasty with concomitant rotator cuff repair was performed. At 24-month follow-up, the patient showed satisfactory functional outcomes in both shoulders without complication.
UNASSIGNED: This single-stage surgical treatment is an exceptional indication for a bilateral dysbaric humeral head osteonecrosis that can be considered in selected cases because may reduce the total recovery time and can be safe and effective at 24 months postoperatively.