饮用水系统中的抗生素耐药性构成了人类健康风险。早期研究,包括对饮用水系统中抗生素耐药性的评论仅限于发生，散装原水和饮用水处理系统的行为和命运。相比之下,关于饮用水分配系统中细菌生物膜耐药性的评论仍然有限。因此,本系统综述调查了这种情况的发生，行为和命运，饮用水分配系统中细菌生物膜抗性的检测方法。共检索并分析了来自10个国家的12篇原创文章。在生物膜中检测到的抗生素抗性细菌和抗生素抗性基因包括磺胺类药物，四环素,和β-内酰胺酶.在生物膜中检测到的属包括葡萄球菌，肠球菌,假单胞菌,Ralstonia,分枝杆菌,以及肠杆菌科和其他革兰氏阴性菌。屎肠球菌的存在，金黄色葡萄球菌，肺炎克雷伯菌,A.鲍曼尼,铜绿假单胞菌,和肠杆菌物种（ESKAPE细菌）在检测到的细菌中指出潜在的人类暴露和健康风险，特别是对于易感个体而言，通过饮用饮用水。此外,水质参数和余氯的影响，控制出现的物理化学因素，生物膜耐药性的持久性和命运仍然知之甚少。基于文化的方法，和分子方法，并讨论了它们的优点和局限性。关于饮用水分配系统中细菌生物膜抗性的有限数据表明需要进一步研究。为此,讨论了未来的研究方向，包括理解形成，行为,以及耐药组和控制因素的命运。
Antibiotic resistance in drinking water systems poses human health risks. Earlier studies, including reviews on antibiotic resistance in drinking water systems are limited to the occurrence, behaviour and fate in bulk raw water and drinking water treatment systems. By comparison, reviews on the bacterial biofilm resistome in drinking water distribution systems are still limited. Therefore, the present systematic
review investigates the occurrence, behaviour and fate and, detection methods of bacterial biofilm resistome in the drinking water distribution systems. A total of 12 original articles drawn from 10 countries were retrieved and analyzed. Antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes detected in biofilms include those for sulfonamides, tetracycline, and beta-lactamase. The genera detected in biofilms include Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Mycobacteria, as well as Enterobacteriaceae family and other gram-negative bacteria. The presence of Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcusaureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacterbaumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species (ESKAPE bacteria) among the detected bacteria points to potential human exposure and health risks especially for susceptible individuals via the consumption of drinking water. Besides, the effects of water quality parameter and residual chlorine, the physico-chemical factors controlling the emergence, persistence and fate of the biofilm resistome are still poorly understood. Culture-based methods, and molecular methods, and their advantages and limitations are discussed. The limited data on the bacterial biofilm resistome in drinking water distribution system points to the need for further research. To this end, future research directions are discussed including understanding the formation, behaviour, and fate of the resistome and the controlling factors.
