背景:抑郁症是一种重要的心理健康问题,影响青少年和年轻人的整体幸福感。最近,年轻人中抑郁症的患病率增加了。尽管如此,随着时间的推移,很少有研究探讨青少年抑郁症的纵向流行病学。
目的:调查10-24岁青少年抑郁症的纵向流行病学。
方法:我们的研究集中于患有抑郁症的年轻人(10-24岁),使用来自全球疾病负担的数据,受伤,和2019年风险因素研究。我们探索了年龄标准化的患病率,不同组抑郁症的发病率和残疾调整生命年(DALYs),包括各个地区,年龄,性别和社会人口指数,从1990年到2019年。
结果:患病率,1990年至2019年期间,全球年轻人抑郁症的发病率和DALYs增加。区域,高收入地区,如高收入北美和澳大拉西亚记录了年龄标准化患病率和发病率的上升,而低收入或中等收入地区大多出现了下降。在全国范围内,像格陵兰这样的国家,2019年,美国和巴勒斯坦的年龄标准化患病率和发病率最高,而卡塔尔的增长率最高.这一负担不成比例地影响了各年龄组和世界区域的女性。年龄对发病率和患病率影响最大的是20-24岁的人群。在1980年以后出生的年轻队列中,抑郁负担显示出不利的趋势,女性报告的队列风险高于男性。
结论:在1990年至2019年之间,青少年抑郁症的一般模式因年龄而异,性别,时间段和世代队列,跨区域和国家。
BACKGROUND: Depression is a significant mental health concern affecting the overall well-being of adolescents and young adults. Recently, the prevalence of depression has increased among young people. Nonetheless, there is little research delving into the longitudinal epidemiology of adolescent depression over time.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the longitudinal epidemiology of depression among adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years.
METHODS: Our research focused on young people (aged 10-24 years) with depression, using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors
Study 2019. We explored the age-standardised prevalence, incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of depression in different groups, including various regions, ages, genders and sociodemographic indices, from 1990 to 2019.
RESULTS: The prevalence, incidence and DALYs of depression in young people increased globally between 1990 and 2019. Regionally, higher-income regions like High-Income North America and Australasia recorded rising age-standardised prevalence and incidence rates, whereas low- or middle-income regions mostly saw reductions. Nationally, countries such as Greenland, the USA and Palestine reported the highest age-standardised prevalence and incidence rates in 2019, whereas Qatar witnessed the largest growth over time. The burden disproportionately affected females across age groups and world regions. The most prominent age effect on incidence and prevalence rates was in those aged 20-24 years. The depression burden showed an unfavourable trend in younger cohorts born after 1980, with females reporting a higher cohort risk than males.
CONCLUSIONS: Between 1990 and 2019, the general pattern of depression among adolescents varied according to age, gender, time period and generational cohort, across regions and nations.