孤立群体的牙科紧急情况一直很难治疗。特别是在无法撤离并需要紧急牙科援助的人员或团体中:长期的潜艇任务,长期的太空船旅行,军事或非政府组织在冲突地区的部署,军事演习,等。牙科和疏散问题可能会危及任务的成功,相关的经济和战略成本。我们的研究总结了与其他非隔离条件(冲突地区的军事部署,军事演习),目的是评估在特殊的长期隔离条件下对特定牙科设备的需求。
我们搜索了Medline,科克伦图书馆,和Dentalgate在1960年至2017年之间进行长期隔离条件(至少1个月)与非隔离条件下报告牙齿疾病的研究。我们对所有符合纳入标准的研究进行了系统评价。采用泊松回归模型对发病率进行比较,以观察个体状况对牙科事件发生率的影响。
38项研究纳入系统评价。南极任务显示,与非隔离条件相比,牙科发病率更高,但是潜艇任务显示牙齿发生率最低。在急性牙科事件的子分析中,那些对单位效能有重大影响的,发病率较高。龋齿和继发性腐烂事件是所有情况下最普遍的牙齿问题,其次是牙周病理学和牙齿骨折或牙齿问题,不是由于孤立条件下的蛀牙,然后是在非隔离条件下的磨牙问题和牙髓问题。在所有情况下,最常见的急性牙科事件是第三磨牙问题和牙髓问题。
本系统综述显示,在长期隔离条件下,牙科病理学的发生率似乎相对不常见,但它存在并且是相关的。牙科事件是不可预测的,与创伤无关,主要是由于牙齿状况差造成的。预防措施大大降低了牙科患病率。
Dental emergencies in isolated groups have always been difficult to treat. Especially in people or groups who cannot be evacuated and who need urgent dental assistance: long-term submarine missions, long-term spaceship trips, military or non-governmental organizations deployments in conflict areas, military maneuvers, etc. The dental and evacuation problems could put the success of the mission at risk, with relevant associated economic and strategic costs. Our study summarizes current evidence about dental problems in isolated personnel (submarines and Antarctic missions) compared to other non-isolation conditions (military deployment in conflict area, military maneuvers) with the objective to assess the need for specific dental equipment in special long-term isolation conditions.
We searched Medline, Cochrane Library, and Dentalgate between 1960 and 2017 for studies reporting dental disease in long-term isolation conditions (minimum 1 month) versus non-isolation conditions. We conducted the systematic
review with all studies fitting the inclusion criteria. The comparison of the incidence rate was performed fitting a Poisson regression model to see the effect of the individual\'s condition on the incidence of dental event.
Thirty-eight studies were included in the systematic
review. Antarctic missions showed a higher dental incidence rate compared to non-isolation conditions, but submarine missions showed the lowest dental incidence rate. In the sub-analysis of acute dental events, those with great impact on unit effectiveness, the incidence rates were higher. Caries and secondary decay events were the most prevalent dental problem in all conditions, followed by periodontal pathology and fractures of teeth or tooth problems not due to tooth decay in isolation conditions, and then by molar problems and endodontic problems in non-isolation conditions. The most common acute dental events were third molar problems and endodontic problems in all conditions.
This systematic
review shows that the incidence of dental pathology in long-term isolation conditions may seem relatively infrequent but it exists and is relevant. Dental events are unpredictable, unrelated to trauma, and caused mainly by poor dental status. Preventive measures considerably reduce dental prevalence.