背景:幼儿龋齿(ECC)是一个公共卫生问题,特别是在像埃及这样的发展中国家,ECC患病率为74%。这项研究旨在评估农村地区与ECC相关的风险指标,亚历山大的社会弱势群体,埃及。
方法:对农村地区8所3~5岁学龄前儿童进行了病例对照研究,亚历山大的贫困地区,埃及,从2019年10月到2020年1月。两组,93带ECC,93不带ECC。经过验证的问卷用于收集社会人口统计数据,包括年龄,性别,兄弟姐妹的数量,社会经济地位,口腔健康实践,包括刷牙频率,牙科就诊的模式,每天服用含糖零食的频率。此外,评估唾液pH和缓冲能力。经过培训和校准的牙医使用dmft指数根据世界卫生组织(WHO)标准在临床上评估龋齿状态,并使用Silness和Loe菌斑指数评估口腔卫生状态。卡方检验,然后进行多变量逻辑回归以评估自变量与ECC之间的关系,P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
结果:双变量分析显示,年龄,母亲的教育,牙科就诊,饮食习惯,斑块指数,唾液pH和缓冲能力与ECC显著相关.多变量回归中ECC的重要风险指标是年龄(AOR=4.73,95%CI:2.76-7.83),母亲的教育(文盲与受过大学教育,AOR=28.36,95%CI:8.51-112.92),每日含糖零食的频率(两次vs.曾经,AOR=2.00,95%CI:1.29-3.49,三个或更多vs.曾经,AOR=2.67,95%CI:1.72-3.27),夜间喂养(AOR=1.89,95%CI:1.38-10.21),菌斑指数(AOR=21.34,95%CI:5.56-81.99),和唾液pH(AOR=0.16,95%CI:0.05-0.58)。
结论:这项研究表明,社会人口统计学指标,饮食习惯,斑块积累和唾液pH是研究人群中ECC的风险指标。
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a public health problem, especially in developing countries like Egypt which has an ECC prevalence of 74%. This research aimed to assess the risk indicators associated with ECC in a rural, socially-disadvantaged population in Alexandria, Egypt.
A
case-control study was conducted in 8 nurseries of preschool children aged 3 to 5 years in rural, deprived areas in Alexandria, Egypt, from October 2019 till January 2020. Two groups, 93 with ECC and 93 without ECC. A validated questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data including age, sex, number of siblings, socioeconomic status, oral health practices including toothbrushing frequency, pattern of dental visits, daily frequency of sugary snacks. Also, salivary pH and buffering capacity were assessed. A trained and calibrated dentist assessed caries status clinically according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria using the dmft index and oral hygiene status using Silness and Loe Plaque Index. Chi-squared test, followed by multivariable logistic regression were performed to assess the relation between independent variables and ECC, P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Bivariate analysis showed that age, mother\'s education, dental visits, dietary habits, Plaque index, salivary pH and buffering capacity were significantly associated with ECC. The significant risk indicators for ECC in multivariable regression were age (AOR = 4.73, 95% CI: 2.76-7.83), mother\'s education (illiterate vs. university educated, AOR = 28.36, 95% CI: 8.51-112.92), frequency of daily sugary snacks (twice vs. once, AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.29-3.49, and three or more vs. once, AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.72-3.27), night feeding (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.38-10.21), Plaque index (AOR = 21.34, 95% CI: 5.56-81.99), and salivary pH (AOR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.05-0.58).
This study suggests that sociodemographic indicators, dietary habits, plaque accumulation and salivary pH are risk indicators for ECC in the studied population.