背景:中国和印度拥有独特的传统医学体系,地域辽阔,医疗资源丰富。中国的传统医学包括中药,藏医,蒙医,维吾尔族医学,Dai药,等。在第三次全国中药资源调查中,已鉴定12694种药材。印度的传统药物包括阿育吠陀,Unani,西达,同种病,等。印度有7263种药材。
目的:分别揭示中国和印度的药材特点,并比较属性方面的异同,口味,药用部位和治疗用途,促进中印传统医学交流和传统医药行业的国际贸易。
方法:中印药材资料摘自《中华人民共和国中药资源志》和《药典》,以及71本印度草药专著。每种药材的信息,如类型,家庭,属,属性,分布,药用部位,功效,治疗用途,剂型和剂量,记录在Excel中进行统计分析和视觉比较。
结果:共鉴定出中国药材12694种,印度药材5362种。药材主要分布在中国西南部和印度北部。植物是药材的主要来源。我国常见的药用部位是全药材,根和根茎,印度使用了更多的可再生水果,种子和叶子。它们通常用于治疗消化系统疾病。中国和印度都使用了1048种药材,分布于188科685属。中国和印度药典共有80种中国和印度使用的药材。
结论:中国和印度的药材特点有些不同,有利于为中国或印度传统医学在使用某种药材时增加药用部位和适应症提供参考依据,以及扩大医药来源和引进新资源。然而,有一些相似之处和共同的药材,这可以挖掘中印双边药材贸易的潜力,促进两国医学文化交流和经贸合作。
BACKGROUND: China and India have unique traditional medicine systems with vast territory and rich medical resources. Traditional medicines in China include traditional Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine, Mongolian medicine, Uyghur medicine, Dai medicine, etc. In the third national survey of Chinese medicine resources, 12694 medicinal materials were identified. Traditional medicines in India include Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Homoeopathy, etc. There are 7263 medicinal materials in India.
OBJECTIVE: To reveal the characteristics of medicinal materials between China and India respectively, and to compare the similarities and differences in terms of properties, tastes, medicinal parts and therapeutic uses and to promote the exchange of traditional medicine between China and India and the international trade of traditional medicine industry.
METHODS: The information of medicinal materials between China and India was extracted from The Chinese Traditional Medicine Resource Records and Pharmacopoeia of the People\'s Republic of China, as well as from 71 Indian herbal monographs. The information of each medicinal material, such as types, families, genera, properties, distribution, medicinal parts, efficacy, therapeutic uses, dosage form and dosage, was recorded in Excel for statistical analysis and visual comparison.
RESULTS: A total of 12694 medicinal materials in China and 5362 medicinal materials in India were identified. The medicinal materials were mostly distributed in Southwest China and northern India. Plants were the main sources of medicinal materials. The common medicinal parts in China were whole medicinal materials, roots and rhizomes, and India used more renewable fruits, seeds and leaves. They are commonly used in the treatment of digestive system diseases. There were 1048 medicinal materials used by both China and India, which were distributed in 188 families and 685 genera. The Chinese and Indian pharmacopoeias had a total of 80 species of medicinal materials used by both China and India.
CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of medicinal materials between China and India were somewhat different, which was conducive to provide a reference basis for traditional medicine in China or India to increase the medicinal parts and indications when using a certain medicinal material, as well as to expand the source of medicine and introduce new resources. However, there were certain similarities and shared medicinal materials, which can tap the potential of bilateral trade of medicinal materials between China and India, so as to promote the medical cultural exchange and economic and trade cooperation between the two countries.