生物多样性的丧失是一个严重的问题,两栖动物尤其受到威胁。日本大多数小sal濒临灭绝。分布信息是保护这些稀有物种的基础;然而,小sal通常很难定位或捕获。环境DNA分析是监测此类稀有物种的有效调查方法。常规的聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法,将PCR扩增与随后的电泳相结合,和实时PCR方法,使用荧光材料,通常用于此目的。在这项研究中,这两种检测方法的比较是使用稀有的sal物种进行的,HynobiusBoulengeri,作为一个示范案例。我们比较了三点:(i)检测灵敏度,(二)与检测有关的环境因素的影响,以及(三)两种方法的时间成本和财务成本。要执行此比较,我们开发了一种实时PCR检测方法,进行了实地调查,并比较了常规和实时PCR方法的时间和财务成本。比较显示,现场样品的检测灵敏度没有统计学差异,环境因素的影响趋于相似。此外,常规PCR方法的财务成本较低,而实时PCR方法的时间成本较低。因此,根据目标选择eDNA检测方法,时间,和财务成本将促进有效监测,并有助于保护稀有物种。
Loss of biodiversity is a serious concern, and amphibians are particularly threatened. Most small salamanders in Japan are endangered. Distributional information is fundamental to the conservation of these rare species; however, small salamanders are generally difficult to locate or catch. Environmental DNA analysis is an effective survey method for monitoring such rare species. The conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, which combines PCR amplification with subsequent electrophoresis, and the real-time PCR method, which uses fluorescent material, are commonly used for this purpose. In this study, a comparison of these two detection methods was conducted using a rare salamander species, Hynobius boulengeri, as a model
case. We compared three points: (i) detection sensitivity, (ii) influence of environmental factors related to detection, and (iii) time and financial costs of the two methods. To perform this comparison, we developed a real-time PCR detection assay, conducted field surveys, and compared the time and financial costs of conventional and real-time PCR methods. The comparison showed no statistical difference in the detection sensitivity from field samples, and the effects of environmental factors tended to be similar. In addition, the financial cost was lower for the conventional PCR method while the time cost was lower for the real-time PCR method. Therefore, selecting eDNA detection methods based on objectives, time, and financial costs will promote efficient monitoring and contribute to the conservation of rare species.