背景:在粮食系统全球变化的背景下,本文探讨了桑塔尔部落独特的饮食习惯,印度东部的一个土著群体,为了了解健康,营养,以及他们传统食物系统的可持续性方面。这项研究与EAT-Lancet委员会2019年健康和可持续饮食的饮食指南相比,评估了Santal饮食的营养成分。
方法:东英吉利大学,与NNedPro全球食品研究所合作,剑桥的营养与健康普拉丹;印度的同事和当地的桑塔尔青年,对传统的桑塔尔食谱进行了营养分析。两个菜单模板,KanhuThali和JhanoThali,根据他们在桑塔尔社区内不同饮食习惯的代表性,选择进行比较分析。营养数据,包括能量以及大量营养素和微量营养素的分布,编制并与EAT-Lancet指南进行比较。
结果:Santal菜单模板(营养完整的膳食)在全谷物等方面与EAT-Lancet建议保持一致,淀粉蔬菜,蔬菜,植物性蛋白质来源,不饱和脂肪,和有限的添加糖。然而,显著的偏差包括缺乏动物来源的蛋白质和乳制品.桑塔尔饮食显示高蛋白摄入量,主要来自植物来源,并强调了全谷物的重要性。在两个模板之间观察到营养含量的季节性变化。
结论:虽然Santal饮食与全球饮食指南的某些方面一致,存在显著的偏差,突显了将传统饮食与普遍推荐保持一致的复杂性.研究结果强调了对文化敏感的饮食建议的必要性,这些建议尊重传统饮食,同时促进可持续性。研究需要支持量身定制的全球准则,其中载有营养充足性的核心原则,这些原则在文化间具有可操作性,以适应文化多样性,当地做法,和季节性变化,对于在不同的社会人口背景下培养可持续和健康的饮食习惯至关重要。
BACKGROUND: In the context of global shifts in food systems, this paper explores the unique dietary practices of the Santal tribe, an indigenous group in eastern India, to understand the health, nutrition, and sustainability aspects of their traditional food systems. This study evaluates the nutritional content of the Santal diet in comparison to the EAT-Lancet Commission\'s 2019 dietary
guidelines for healthy and sustainable diets.
METHODS: The University of East Anglia, in collaboration with the NNEdPro Global Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health in Cambridge, PRADAN; colleagues in India and local Santal youth, conducted nutritional analyses of traditional Santal recipes. Two menu templates, Kanhu Thali and Jhano Thali, were selected for comparative analysis based on their representation of diverse dietary practices within the Santal community. Nutritional data, including energy as well as the distribution of macronutrients and micronutrients, were compiled and compared with the EAT-Lancet
guidelines.
RESULTS: The Santal menu templates (nutritionally complete meals) demonstrated alignment with EAT-Lancet recommendations in aspects such as whole grains, starchy vegetables, vegetables, plant-based protein sources, unsaturated fats, and limited added sugars. However, notable deviations included the absence of animal-based protein sources and dairy. The Santal diet showed high protein intake, largely from plant-based sources, and emphasised the importance of whole grains. Seasonal variations in nutritional content were observed between the two templates.
CONCLUSIONS: While the Santal diet aligns with some aspects of global dietary
guidelines, there are notable deviations that underscore the complexity of aligning traditional diets with universal recommendations. The findings emphasise the need for culturally sensitive dietary recommendations that respect traditional diets while promoting sustainability. Research needs to support tailored global
guidelines enshrining core principles of nutritional adequacy which are inter-culturally operable in order to accommodate cultural diversity, local practices, and seasonal variations, crucial for fostering sustainable and healthy eating habits in diverse sociodemographic contexts.