背景:在锻炼之前,热身程序已被认为是一个必要的因素在任务准备与预期,它将提高性能。热身的主要好处之一是肌肉和核心温度的增加,这可以通过多种方式实现。改善核心和肌肉温度的有效方法是进行主动热身。然而,已知在积极热身和运动表现之间的漫长过渡期会导致核心和肌肉温度下降,从而降低性能。因此,在过渡时期需要帮助运动员的方法,保持热身的好处,以优化性能。因此,本综述的目的是系统分析在经历过渡期时使用被动加热辅助运动表现的证据基础。
方法:在使用PubMed确定相关研究后,进行了系统评价和荟萃分析,WebofScience,和EBSCO。研究包括在主动热身和运动表现之间的过渡期内被动加热策略的影响。纳入研究的质量由两名独立评审员使用物理治疗证据数据库量表的修订版进行评估。
结果:七项研究,所有高质量(平均值=7.6),报告了关于被动加热策略对运动表现的影响的足够数据(质量评分>5),这些研究包括85名训练有素的运动员(78名男性和7名女性).在主动热身和锻炼之间使用被动加热策略,在所有研究中,峰值功率输出显着增加(ES=0.54[95%CI0.17至0.91])。然而,运动表现仅有明显的有利趋势(ES=1.07[95%CI-0.64~0.09]).
结论:基于数量有限的行为良好,随机化,对照试验,在主动热身和运动之间使用的被动加热策略似乎对峰值功率输出有积极影响。虽然,需要进一步的研究来确定被动热身策略的最佳程序。
BACKGROUND: Prior to exercise, a warm-up routine has been suggested to be an imperative factor in task readiness with the anticipation that it will enhance performance. One of the key benefits of a warm-up is the increase in muscle and core temperature, which can be achieved in a variety of ways. An effective way to achieve improvements in core and muscle temperature is by performing an active warm-up. However, lengthy transition periods between an active warm-up and exercise performance are known to cause a decline in core and muscle temperature, thereby reducing performance capability. As such, methods are needed to assist athletes during transition periods, to maintain the benefits of a warm-up with the aim of optimising performance. Accordingly, the purpose of this
review is to systematically analyse the evidence base that has investigated the use of passive heating to aide sporting performance when a transition period is experienced.
METHODS: A systematic
review and meta-analysis were undertaken following relevant studies being identified using PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO. Studies investigating the effects of passive heating strategies during the transition period between an active warm-up and exercise performance were included. The quality of the included studies were assessed by two independent reviewers using a modified version of the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale.
RESULTS: Seven studies, all high quality (mean = 7.6), reported sufficient data (quality score > 5) on the effects of passive heating strategies on exercise performance, these studies consisted of 85 well-trained athletes (78 male and 7 female). Passive heating strategies used between an active warm-up and exercise, significantly increased peak power output in all studies (ES = 0.54 [95% CI 0.17 to 0.91]). However, only a favourable trend was evident for exercise performance (ES = 1.07 [95% CI - 0.64 to 0.09]).
CONCLUSIONS: Based upon a limited number of well-conducted, randomised, controlled trials, it appears that passive heating strategies used between an active warm-up and exercise have a positive impact on peak power output. Although, additional research is necessary to determine the optimum procedure for passive warm-up strategies.