The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused financial hardship and psychological distress among young Australians. This study investigates whether the Australian Government\'s emergency cash transfer payments-specifically welfare expansion for those unemployed prior to the pandemic (known in Australia as the Coronavirus Supplement) and JobKeeper (cash support for those with reduced or stopped employment due to the pandemic)-were associated with individual\'s level of coping during the coronavirus pandemic among those with and without mental disorders (including anxiety, depression, ADHD and autism). The sample included 902 young adults who participated in all of the last three waves (8, 9C1, 9C2) of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC), a nationally representative cohort study. Modified Poisson regression models were used to assess the impact of emergency cash transfer payments on 18-22-year-old\'s self-rated coping level, stratifying the analysis by those with and without mental disorders. All models were adjusted for gender, employment, location, family cohesion, history of smoking, alcohol intake, and COVID-19 test result. Of the 902-person sample analysed, 41.5% (n = 374) reported high levels of coping, 18.9% (n = 171) reported mental disorders, 40.3% (n = 364) received the Coronavirus Supplement and 16.4% (n = 148) received JobKeeper payments. Analysing the total sample demonstrated that participants who received the JobKeeper payment were more likely to have a higher level of coping compared to those who did not receive the JobKeeper payment. Stratified analyses demonstrated that those with pre-existing mental disorder obtained significant benefit from the JobKeeper payment on their level of coping, compared to those who did not receive JobKeeper. In contrast, receipt of the Coronavirus Supplement was not significantly associated with higher level of coping. Among those with no mental health disorder, neither the Coronavirus Supplement nor JobKeeper had a statistically significant impact on level of coping. These findings suggest the positive impacts of cash transfers on level of coping during the pandemic were limited to those with a pre-existing mental disorder who received JobKeeper.

Most children with a rare disease are cared for by their family members but parenting such a child is extremely demanding due to the complexity and severity of symptoms, with serious physical, emotional, social, and financial consequences for caregivers. Although religion may serve as a positive coping strategy, little is known about its role in helping caregivers manage the stress related to the burden of caregiving in Poland. Therefore, we surveyed 925 Polish family caregivers of children with rare diseases to understand the association between caregivers\' religiosity and their caring experiences. The findings suggest that parents\' religiosity is associated with a more positive caregiving experience, perceived quality of life, and experienced caregiving burden. While religious caregivers reported experiencing less distressing emotions and stressed the encouraging impact of their child\'s disease on their life more often, non-religious caregivers experienced role captivity and role overload more frequently. Since religion may serve as a source of strength and a protecting factor against mental health problems and the burden of caregiving, healthcare professionals should be aware of the importance of religious and spiritual care, and caregivers\' religiosity should be considered an integral part of a holistic approach.

BACKGROUND: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer are at risk of poor psychosocial outcomes. AYAs grew up with the internet and digital technology, and mobile Health (mHealth) psychosocial interventions have the potential to overcome care access barriers.
OBJECTIVE: This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a fully automated mobile app version of the Promoting Resilience in Stress Management intervention (mPRISM). Promoting Resilience in Stress Management is an evidence-based intervention developed in collaboration with AYAs, based on stress and coping theory, resilience theory, and evidence-based coping strategies. We hypothesized that mPRISM would be feasible, acceptable, and appropriate.
METHODS: This is a parallel, 2-arm, single-site pilot RCT with a waitlist control design. The study will recruit 80 AYAs with cancer from a clinic. Eligible AYAs are aged 12 to 25 years, within 12 months of a new cancer diagnosis, receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy, speak, read, or write in English, and are cognitively able to participate in study procedures. Recruitment by clinical research coordinators will occur remotely by phone, video, or text. Participants will be randomized to psychosocial usual care (UC) alone or UC plus mPRISM for an 8-week intervention period, and will remain unblinded to study condition. Enrolled participants will complete surveys at baseline before randomization, 8 weeks, and 3-month follow-up. Using a waitlist design, the UC arm will receive mPRISM upon completion of 3-month follow-up surveys. Those in the UC arm will complete 2 additional measurement points at immediate posttreatment and 3 months later. The primary outcomes of interest are feasibility, defined as ≥60% enrollment and ≥70% retention (ie, percentage of participants who completed the study), and \"feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness\" as defined by cut-off scores ≥4/5 on 3 brief validated implementation outcome measures (feasibility of implementation measure, acceptability of intervention measure [AIM], intervention appropriateness measure [IAM]). We will apply top-box scoring for the implementation measures. Exploratory outcomes of interest include patient-reported health-related quality of life, resilience, distress, anxiety, depression, pain, and sleep. We will conduct an intention-to-treat analysis to compare the outcomes of the mPRISM arm versus the control arm with covariate-adjusted regression models. We will summarize individual digital usage metrics using descriptive statistics.
RESULTS: Since September 2023, we have enrolled 20 participants and recruitment is ongoing.
CONCLUSIONS: Although our previous work suggests AYAs with cancer are interested in mHealth psychosocial interventions, such interventions have not yet been sufficiently evaluated or implemented among AYA oncology patients. mPRISM may serve as a potential mHealth intervention to fill this gap. In this study, we will test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of mPRISM. This work will inform future larger-scale RCTs powered for efficacy outcomes.
BACKGROUND: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05842902; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05842902.
UNASSIGNED: DERR1-10.2196/57950.

Family caregivers of children diagnosed with cancer often experience periods of significant stress. We provide an in-depth examination of the impacts of structural (health care and leave policies) and meso-level (organizations and communities/social networks) factors on caregiver coping during childhood cancer treatment. We conducted a secondary analysis of a comprehensive qualitative dataset examining the impacts of structural and meso-level factors on caregiver coping from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 49 caregivers representing 38 unique cases of childhood cancer. Using a modified grounded theory approach, transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Caregivers experienced multiple and often intersecting structural and meso-level factors, both facilitating and impeding their ability to cope during their child\'s cancer treatment. Our analysis revealed the following themes: having few out-of-pocket medical expenses, access to paid time off from employment, and support from one\'s health system, organizations, or community/social networks fostered caregiver coping. Significant financial burdens due to cancer treatment, having to take unpaid leave from employment, remaining employed regardless of one\'s circumstances, and lack of support from one\'s health system, organizations, or community/social networks hindered caregiver coping. Our findings point to several policies that may ease caregiver burden and facilitate caregiver coping during childhood cancer treatment.

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding self-efficacy has been identified as an important influence on breastfeeding outcomes. Among new parent couples, partners are uniquely positioned to be sources of support for developing breastfeeding self-efficacy, yet few breastfeeding programs have attempted to involve partners directly. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of a novel program, Happy, Healthy, Loved, on breastfeeding self-efficacy and maternal mood through emphasizing partner support and actively addressing postpartum-specific stress management in a tailored text message delivery program.
METHODS: A randomized trial was conducted in which primiparous mother-partner dyads intending to exclusively breastfeed were recruited at midwestern hospitals 2-3 days after delivery. The clinical trial was pre-registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT04578925, registration date 7/24/2020). Couples were randomized to receive intervention or an attentional control. Couples randomized to the intervention group then completed a brief interactive educational tablet program together (Happy, Healthy, Loved), followed by 6 weeks of tailored text messages providing reminders, coping strategies, and motivational milestones to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy. Participants in the control group received usual care followed by 6 weeks of attentional control text messages about infant development. Surveys were delivered at baseline, 6 weeks, and 6 months postpartum to both mother and partner to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy, mood, and social support (n = 62 couples).
RESULTS: Outcomes of ANCOVA with baseline self-efficacy as a covariate showed a significant effect of intervention on 6 months breastfeeding self-efficacy when compared to control group. No other significant differences were found at 6 weeks or 6 months postpartum in breastfeeding self-efficacy, depressive or anxious symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: Results of the present investigation suggest that a text-based dyad intervention improved breastfeeding self-efficacy at 6 months, but not 6 weeks, postpartum, indicating that text-based mother-partner interventions are a promising direction to continue exploring in postpartum health research.
BACKGROUND: Clinicaltrials.gov #NCT04578925.

Aims: Trans students are underrepresented in institutions of higher education, and little is known about their experiences and the stressors they face in this context. This study aims to understand Israeli trans students\' experiences in such institutions, with a focus on the unique stressors they face and the elements that reduce these stressors\' impact on their mental health. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 Israeli trans students who attended various institutions of higher education in Israel. Data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews and was thematically analyzed. Results: Two themes were identified. The first focused on the participants\' stressors, including financial difficulties, administrative difficulties, and feelings of loneliness. The second theme focused on the elements that serve to temper the stressors they faced, including social support, hope for future social mobility, and academic skills that served to enhance their ability to cope with the stressors. The participants associated these elements with a sense of competency, higher levels of self-esteem, and a sense of belonging, thus, contributing to their psychological wellbeing. Discussion: Our findings reveal that the stressors faced by trans students in academia are tempered by inter and intra personal aspects. This provides us with a deeper understanding of the salutogenic character of coping with stress and its relationship to resilience and agency. Our findings call for trans-affirming actions to create a gender-affirming environment in academia.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the associations between patient characteristics, psychological distress, and coping in the diagnostic phase of prostate cancer.
METHODS: A cross-sectional multicentre study was conducted from 2017 to 2019. A total of 250 patients were recruited from three hospitals in western Norway. The patients completed a questionnaire while awaiting their prostate biopsy. Patient characteristics were collected, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Revised Ways of Coping Checklist were used to measure psychological distress and evaluate coping strategies and primary appraisal, respectively.
RESULTS: Approximately 15% and 5% of the patients experienced symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. Younger age and poorer self-reported health were associated with higher anxiety levels. Anxiety was associated with all five coping strategies but showed the strongest correlation with wishful thinking. The patients who appraised their situation as a threat experienced more symptoms of both anxiety and depression and used more wishful thinking and avoidance than did the patients who appraised their situation as a challenge or benign.
CONCLUSIONS: A subgroup of patients experiences psychological distress during diagnostic evaluation of prostate cancer. Age, self-reported health, and primary appraisal may contribute to the development of psychological distress. Identification of patient characteristics associated with higher levels of psychological distress may guide nurses in implementing early interventions aimed at supporting beneficial coping and enhancing well-being.

BACKGROUND: Psychological distress can cause burnout, which affects mental and physical well-being. It is important to identify factors associated with psychological distress and physical discomfort and how nurses deal with these problems.
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate distress, burnout and coping among community nurses (CN) and hospital nurses (HN).
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 409 nurses completed three questionnaires: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Ways of Coping (WOC).
RESULTS: Participants younger than 40 demonstrated significantly more distress and burnout than those older than 40 years. Participants who had moderate and high distress on the PSS were significantly more at risk for experiencing personal, work-related and patient-related burnout. A significant positive correlation was found between distress and behavioural escape-avoidance, cognitive escape-avoidance and distancing. Significant positive correlations were also seen between all the subscales of the CBI and behavioural escape-avoidance, cognitive escape-avoidance and distancing. Positive significant correlation was also obtained between staff resources and distress and personal-related and work-related burnout. Negative correlation was demonstrated between staff resources and patient-related burnout. Participants with longer work experience were less likely to report moderate or high distress, and those who scored higher on personal burnout and behavioural escape-avoidance were more likely to have moderate or high distress.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study call for increased attention to the younger generation in the nursing profession. The results also validate the need to investigate further the correlation between distress, burnout and coping and how these issues might influence each other among nurses working in the community and hospitals. Findings should be taken with precaution, they do not describe in detail what underlying factors contribute to distress and discomfort found in this study, they do, however, indicate certain coping strategies nurses use to deal with distress and burnout.

We aimed to assess the mental health of adults living in Ukraine one year after onset of the Russo-Ukrainian war, along with quality of life and coping strategies. Quota sampling was used to collect online survey data from 2364 adults aged 18-79 years living in Ukraine from April 5, 2023 to May 15, 2023. Among adults living in Ukraine, 14.4 % had probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), another 8.9 % had complex PTSD (CPTSD), 44.2 % had probable depressive disorder, 23.1 % had anxiety disorder and 38.6 % showed significant loneliness. In adjusted models, the number of trauma events experienced during the war showed a dose-response association with PTSD/CPTSD and was associated with depressive disorder and anxiety disorder. Quality of life domains, particularly physical quality of life, were negatively associated with PTSD/CPTSD, depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and number of trauma events. Maladaptive coping was positively associated with depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, PTSD/CPTSD and loneliness. All quality of life domains were positively associated with using adaptive coping strategies. Mental health disorders are highly prevalent in adults living in Ukraine one year into the war. Policy and services can promote adaptive coping strategies to improve mental health and quality of life for increased resilience during war.

BACKGROUND: It is common for women to explore and plan strategies to cope during labour. These strategies are usually focused on pain control and described as either pharmacological or non-pharmacological. As labour is an individual experience, each woman should be enabled to choose strategies that best suit them, and that reflect what they feel influences their sense of capacity to cope.
OBJECTIVE: By exploring women\'s intentions and choices of strategies, this study aimed to understand how coping strategies can better reflect women\'s individual needs and expectations.
METHODS: Fifty-six primiparous women were recruited from one tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia between February and May 2021. Data were collected via a survey in late pregnancy using open-ended questions. Content and thematic analyses were used to analyse responses.
RESULTS: Themes related to how women frame the intensity of labour, how they strive for a relationally safe environment and a need to be prepared and knowledgeable. Strategies chosen by women could be grouped into two categories: intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic strategies could be self-generated by women (such as breathing techniques and movement), while extrinsic strategies required either equipment (such as a bath) or others to administer (such as epidural analgesia).
CONCLUSIONS: Women value having a range of intrinsic and extrinsic strategies that enable autonomy or require external support. This moves beyond the \'pharmacological and non-pharmacological\' categorisation of strategies, and we propose that reframing strategies as intrinsic and extrinsic could have a number of benefits on women\'s sense of autonomy and utilisation of strategies. The findings provide a foundation for more targeted research into how women can be supported to individualise and implement these coping strategies in labour.