BACKGROUND: Bronchogenic cysts are congenital cysts caused by abnormal sprouting from the ventral foregut during fetal life. They usually occur in the mediastinum or lung, but there are very rare cases of ectopic bronchogenic cysts that develop in the abdominal cavity. A unique intra-abdominal ectopic bronchogenic cyst with a mucinous neoplasm that was producing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), harboring a GNAS mutation, is reported. The present case may contribute to clarifying the mechanism of tumorigenesis and malignant transformation of ectopic bronchogenic cysts.
METHODS: In 2007, a man in his 50s was incidentally found to have an intra-abdominal cystic mass, 8 cm in diameter. Surgical resection was recommended, but he preferred to remain under observation. In 2020, his serum CEA level increased to 26.7 ng/mL, and abdominal computed tomography showed a 15 cm × 12 cm, multifocal, cystic mass located predominantly on the lesser curvature of the stomach. Since malignancy could not be ruled out, he finally underwent surgical resection. Histologically, the cystic wall was lined by ciliated columnar epithelium, accompanied by bronchial gland-like tissue, bronchial cartilage, and smooth muscle. Part of the cyst consisted of atypical columnar epithelium with an MIB-1 index of 5% and positive for CEA. Moreover, a GNAS mutation (p.R201C) was detected in the atypical epithelium, leading to a diagnosis of an ectopic bronchogenic cyst with a low-grade mucinous neoplasm. The patient is currently undergoing outpatient follow-up without recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: An extremely rare case of an abdominal bronchogenic cyst with a low-grade mucinous neoplasm harboring a GNAS mutation was reported.

There is a paucity of research on psychosexual outcomes after neo-vaginoplasty in women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. We compared anatomical and psychosexual outcomes between women with MRKH syndrome who had undergone vaginoplasty and age-matched, sexually active, childless women. Outcomes were assessed using the female sexual function index (FSFI), World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) tools. Although mean vaginal length was shorter in women with MRKH syndrome than controls (8.6 ± 1.8 cm vs 9.3 ± 2.6 cm), FSFI scores were comparable in both groups (27.8 ± 1.4 vs. 27.3 ± 4.1). Women with MRKH syndrome reported fewer depressive symptoms, and WHODAS 2.0 scores were comparable in both groups (8.9 ± 2.4 vs. 7.8 ± 6.7). Therefore, psychosexual outcomes for women who had undergone neo-vaginoplasty for MRKH syndrome were not different from those of the general population.

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The Human Genome Project will produce information permitting increasing opportunities to prevent genetically transmitted harms, most of which will be compatible with a life worth living, through avoiding conception or terminating a pregnancy. Failure to prevent these harms when it is possible for parents to do so without substantial burdens or costs to themselves or others are what I call \"wrongful handicaps\". Derek Parfit has developed a systematic difficulty for any such cases being wrongs -- when the harm could be prevented only by preventing the existence of the individual who would have a worthwhile life even with the handicap, then bringing him into existence with the handicap does not make him worse off and so does not wrong him. I argue that a non \"person-affecting\" principle requiring the avoidance of suffering and limited opportunity correctly accounts for cases of wrongful handicaps without requiring that the individuals with the handicap have been made worse off and therefore wronged. It is an advantage, not a difficulty, of this account that it does not imply that the person with the handicap has been wronged or is a victim with a special moral complaint.