背景:软骨是一种无血管和淋巴组织,在严重损伤的情况下缺乏进行自发修复和再生的内在能力。常规疗法对侵袭性软骨损伤的疗效有限,从而促使软骨组织工程作为一种可能的替代方案的出现。在这项研究中,利用海藻酸钠(SA)制备三维水凝胶膜,明胶(凝胶),和硫酸软骨素(CS)。这些薄膜与沃顿胶质间充质干细胞(WJ-MSC)一起使用,旨在用于软骨组织再生。
方法:使用包括扫描电子显微镜(SEM)在内的各种技术对制备的水凝胶膜进行评估,傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱,评估肿胀程度,降解分析,水蒸气透过率(WVTR)的测定,测量水接触角(WCA),机械强度评估,和生物相容性评估。通过15、30和60天的组织病理学研究,研究了有和没有WJ-MSC的水凝胶膜对兔耳软骨的再生。
结果:与其他纳米复合材料相比,含有CS的水凝胶膜表现出优异的指标,例如更好的机械强度(SA/凝胶中12.87MPa,而SA/凝胶/CS中15.56MPa),稳定性,亲水性,WVTR(在SA/凝胶中为3103.33g/m2/天,而在含CS的纳米复合材料中为2646.67),和溶胀率(在SA/凝胶复合材料中为6.97至12.11%,而在SA/凝胶/CS中为5.03至10.90%)。组织病理学研究显示,在含有WJ-MSC的SA/Gel/CS水凝胶组中,在损伤后第30天腔隙中存在软骨细胞,在第60天软骨组织完全恢复。
结论:我们成功地制造了由海藻酸盐组成的支架,明胶,和硫酸软骨素.通过掺入沃顿的果冻间充质干细胞进一步增强了该支架。我们的发现表明,这种复合支架具有显着的生物相容性和力学特性。本研究成功证明了含有WJ-MSC的SA-Gel-CS水凝胶对兔软骨再生的治疗潜力。
BACKGROUND: Cartilage is an avascular and alymphatic tissue that lacks the intrinsic ability to undergo spontaneous repair and regeneration in the event of significant injury. The efficacy of conventional therapies for invasive cartilage injuries is limited, thereby prompting the emergence of cartilage tissue engineering as a possible alternative. In this study, we fabricated three-dimensional hydrogel films utilizing sodium alginate (SA), gelatin (Gel), and chondroitin sulfate (CS). These films were included with Wharton\'s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) and intended for cartilage tissue regeneration.
METHODS: The hydrogel film that were prepared underwent evaluation using various techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, assessment of the degree of swelling, degradation analysis, determination of water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), measurement of water contact angle (WCA), evaluation of mechanical strength, and assessment of biocompatibility. The rabbit ear cartilage regeneration by hydrogel films with and without of WJ-MSCs was studied by histopathological investigations during 15, 30, and 60 days.
RESULTS: The hydrogel films containing CS exhibited superior metrics compared to other nanocomposites such as better mechanical strength (12.87 MPa in SA/Gel compared to 15.56 in SA/Gel/CS), stability, hydrophilicity, WVTR (3103.33 g/m2/day in SA/Gel compared to 2646.67 in nanocomposites containing CS), and swelling ratio (6.97 to 12.11% in SA/Gel composite compared to 5.03 to 10.90% in SA/Gel/CS). Histopathological studies showed the presence of chondrocyte cells in the lacunae on the 30th day and the complete restoration of the cartilage tissue on the 60th day following the injury in the group of SA/Gel/CS hydrogel containing WJ-MSCs.
CONCLUSIONS: We successfully fabricated a scaffold composed of alginate, gelatin, and chondroitin sulfate. This scaffold was further enhanced by the incorporation of Wharton\'s jelly mesenchymal stem cells. Our findings demonstrate that this composite scaffold has remarkable biocompatibility and mechanical characteristics. The present study successfully demonstrated the therapeutic potential of the SA-Gel-CS hydrogel containing WJ-MSCs for cartilage regeneration in rabbits.