背景:血浆动脉粥样硬化指数(AIP)是胰岛素抵抗的简单可靠的标志物,与各种心血管疾病(CVDs)密切相关。然而,AIP与左心室(LV)几何指标之间的关系尚未得到充分评估.这项研究旨在研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)患者的AIP与LV几何异常之间的关系。
方法:这项回顾性横断面研究共纳入618例OSA患者(57.3±12.4年,73.1%男性,BMI28.1±4.2kg/m2)接受超声心动图检查。OSA患者被诊断为临床症状和呼吸暂停低通气指数≥5.0。LV肥大(LVH)定义为男性左心室质量指数(LVMIh2.7)≥50.0g/m2.7,女性为47.0g/m2.7。AIP计算为log10(TG/HDL-C)。
结果:与非LVH组相比,LVH组(0.19±0.29vs0.24±0.28,P=0.024)和同心LVH组(对照组为0.18±0.29,0.19±0.30,0.20±0.26和0.29±0.29,同心重塑,偏心肥大和同心肥大组,分别,P=0.021)。同时,在AIP最高的患者组中,T1、T2和T3组LVMIh2.7水平(42.8±10.5,43.2±9.3和46.1±12.1,分别,P=0.003),和LVH的患病率(25.2%,T1、T2和T3组的24.0%和34.6%,分别,P=0.032)和同心LVH(10.7%,T1、T2和T3组分别为9.8%和20.2%,分别,P=0.053)高于其他组。AIP和LV几何指标之间的正相关,包括LVMIh2.7,LVMIBSA,低压质量(LVM),舒张期左心室内径(LVIDd),舒张期左心室后壁厚度(PWTd)和舒张期室间隔厚度(IVSTd),相关分析显示(P<0.05)。此外,根据多元线性回归模型,AIP与LVMIh2.7独立相关(β=0.125,P=0.001)。值得注意的是,AIP仍然与LVH风险升高独立相关[每1个标准差(SD)增量的比值比(OR)=1.317,95%置信区间(CI):1.058-1.639,P=0.014)和同心LVH(每1SD增量OR=1.545,95%CI:1.173-2.035,P=0.002),在通过多变量逻辑回归分析充分调整所有混杂危险因素后。
结论:AIP与OSA患者的LVH和同心LVH风险增加独立相关。因此,AIP,作为一种实用且具有成本效益的测试,在OSA的临床管理中,可能有助于监测心脏的肥厚性重构和改善CVDs风险分层.
BACKGROUND: The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a simple and reliable marker of insulin resistance and is closely associated with various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the relationships between AIP and left ventricular (LV) geometric indicators have not been adequately assessed. This
study was carried out to investigate the association between AIP and LV geometric abnormalities in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.
METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional
study included a total of 618 OSA patients (57.3 ± 12.4 years, 73.1% males, BMI 28.1 ± 4.2 kg/m2) who underwent echocardiography. Patients with OSA were diagnosed with clinical symptoms and an apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 5.0. LV hypertrophy (LVH) was defined as left ventricular mass index (LVMIh2.7) ≥ 50.0 g/m2.7 for men and 47.0 g/m2.7 for women. AIP was calculated as log10 (TG/HDL-C).
RESULTS: Compared with the non-LVH group, AIP was significantly higher in the LVH group (0.19 ± 0.29 vs 0.24 ± 0.28, P = 0.024) and the concentric LVH group (0.18 ± 0.29, 0.19 ± 0.30, 0.20 ± 0.26 and 0.29 ± 0.29 in the control, concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy and concentric hypertrophy groups, respectively, P = 0.021). Meanwhile, in the group of patients with the highest AIP tertile, the levels of LVMIh2.7 (42.8 ± 10.5, 43.2 ± 9.3 and 46.1 ± 12.1 in the T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively, P = 0.003), and the prevalence of LVH (25.2%, 24.0% and 34.6% in the T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively, P = 0.032) and concentric LVH (10.7%, 9.8% and 20.2% in the T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively, P = 0.053) were higher compared with those in the other groups. Positive correlations between AIP and LV geometric indicators including the LVMIh2.7, LVMIBSA, LV mass (LVM), diastolic left ventricular inner diameter (LVIDd), diastolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness (PWTd) and diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVSTd), were revealed according to correlation analysis (P < 0.05). Furthermore, AIP was independently associated with LVMIh2.7 according to multivariate linear regression model (β = 0.125, P = 0.001). Notably, AIP remained independently associated with an elevated risk of LVH [odds ratio (OR) = 1.317 per 1 standard deviation (SD) increment, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.058 - 1.639, P = 0.014) and concentric LVH (OR = 1.545 per 1 SD increment, 95% CI: 1.173 - 2.035, P = 0.002) after fully adjusting for all confounding risk factors by multivariate logistic regression analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: AIP was independently associated with an increased risk of LVH and concentric LVH in OSA patients. Therefore, AIP, as a practical and cost-effective test, might be useful in monitoring hypertrophic remodeling of the heart and improving CVDs risk stratification in clinical management of OSA.