虾青素是由各种微生物和海洋动物产生的脂溶性类胡萝卜素,包括细菌,酵母,真菌,微藻,虾和龙虾。虾青素有抗氧化剂,抗炎和抗凋亡特性。这些特征表明虾青素具有健康益处并防止各种疾病。由于它能够穿越血脑屏障,虾青素因其对神经系统疾病的保护作用而受到关注,包括老年痴呆症,帕金森病,肌萎缩侧索硬化,脑缺血/再灌注,蛛网膜下腔出血,创伤性脑损伤,脊髓损伤,认知障碍和神经性疼痛。以往对虾青素神经效应的研究大多基于动物模型和细胞实验。因此,虾青素对人类的生物学效应及其潜在机制仍未完全了解。本文综述了虾青素的神经保护作用,探讨其作用机制,并提请注意其作为治疗剂的潜在临床意义。
Astaxanthin is a lipid‑soluble carotenoid produced by various microorganisms and marine animals, including bacteria, yeast, fungi, microalgae, shrimps and lobsters. Astaxanthin has antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties. These characteristics suggest that astaxanthin has health benefits and protects against various diseases. Owing to its ability to cross the blood‑brain barrier, astaxanthin has received attention for its protective effects against neurological disorders, including Alzheimer\'s disease, Parkinson\'s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, cognitive impairment and neuropathic pain. Previous studies on the neurological effects of astaxanthin are mostly based on animal models and cellular experiments. Thus, the biological effects of astaxanthin on humans and its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. The present
review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin, explores its mechanisms of action and draws attention to its potential clinical implications as a therapeutic agent.