Patients are always looking for conservative, esthetic, and long-lasting dental restorations, and the technique used directly influences the longevity of the treatment. The location of the restoration in the mouth and the extent of the decay influence the treatment choice. The larger the dimensions of the cavity preparation, the greater the difficulties in restoring the tooth using direct techniques. The semidirect technique, when indicated, can achieve satisfactory results. It is a relatively easy procedure, consisting of tooth preparation to receive an indirect restoration, fabrication of an alginate impression, fabrication of the composite resin restoration on a flexible cast, cementation, removal of excess cement, and occlusal adjustment. The aim of this case report is to present a viable alternative to direct and indirect restorations for posterior teeth with extensive decay. The article describes the extraoral semidirect technique for fabricating a composite resin restoration, highlighting its indications and discussing advantages and disadvantages.

Given recent concerns regarding the influence of different cements and implants on the rate of aseptic failures in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), we wondered if cementation technique could play a role. The primary aim of this review was to collect and compare the surgeon education materials from eight orthopedic implant manufacturers to evaluate the manufacturers\' recommended cementation technique in TKA and identify if there was any consistency in these readily available guides as to the best practices of cementation of their implants.
We reviewed contemporary surgeon education guidelines for all TKA systems available from eight manufacturers. Variables included: cement type, batches prepared, surface preparation prior to application, cleaning and/or drying the bone surface, mixing the cement, the waiting phase after the cement has been mixed prior to application, pressurizing the cement, location of cement application, and the curing time. Data were recorded and organized for qualitative comparisons.
We identified a total of 43 guides covering 38 implants from eight different manufacturers. There were 41 surgical technique guides and two general brochures regarding cementation techniques available from the manufacturers. Even within the manufacturers\' own guidelines for the different implants, there was a wide variety of differing guidelines on many aspects of the cementation technique.
There is clearly no consensus for a preferred cementation technique both within and among manufacturers\' surgeon education materials regarding tibial baseplate cementation during TKA. Efforts may be needed to identify a best-practice cementation technique in an effort to reduce the number of TKA failures associated with aseptic loosening.

BACKGROUND: This group was assigned the task to review the current knowledge in the areas of implant connections to abutments/reconstructions, fixation methods (cement vs. screw retained) for implant-supported reconstructions, as well as the optimal number of implants for fixed dental prosthesis and implant-supported overdentures.
METHODS: The literature was systematically searched and critically reviewed. Four manuscripts were produced in the four subject areas based on systematically search strategy and consensus statements, clinical recommendations and implication for future research were formulated.
RESULTS: The following four position papers were the basis for the consensus statements, the clinical recommendations and directions for future research: Internal vs. external connections for abutments/reconstructions: A systematic review. Cemented and screw-retained implant reconstructions: A systematic review of the survival and complication rates. What is the optimal number of implants for fixed reconstructions? A systematic review. What is the optimal number of implants for removable reconstructions? A systematic review on implant-supported overdentures. The remit of this working group was to update the existing knowledge in the areas of reconstructions on implants. The group acknowledged the results of previous workshops and systematic reviews were provided by the following position papers: Stefano Gracis, Konstantinos Michalakis, Paolo Vigolo, Per Vult von Steyern, Marcel Zwahlen, Irena Sailer. Internal versus external connections for abutments/reconstructions: a systematic review. Irena Sailer, S. Mühlemann, Marcel Zwahlen, Christoph Hämmerle, Daniel Schneider. Cemented and screw-retained implant reconstructions: A systematic review of the survival and complication rates. Guido Heydecke, Frank Renouard, Ailsa Nicol, Marcel Zwahlen, Tim Joda. What is the optimal number of implants for fixed reconstructions? A systematic review. Mario Roccuzzo, Francesca Bonino, Luigi Gaudioso, Henny Meijer. What is the optimal number of implants for overdentures? A systematic review.

Clinical success of an endosseous implant to replace a single tooth is not only defined by its survival. Esthetic parameters have become integral aspects in defining success and failure. All-ceramic abutments have started to play a major role in achieving an esthetically successful result. The material itself, however, is not the exclusive determinant for esthetic success. It is the appropriate design and proper handling of the material and the abutment that enables the clinician to achieve esthetic outcomes that were not possible with traditional metal alloys. This article explores the rationale for using zirconia for prosthetic implant components, explains specific material properties, and discusses strategies and guidelines for the design and successful clinical implementation of CAD/CAM-fabricated zirconia implant abutments.

Patient demand for esthetic dentistry has increased clinicians\' use of composite resin luting agents for cementing both intra- and extracoronal restorations. The cementation process is key to the success of such treatment to prevent microleakage, ensure sufficient retention of the restoration to the tooth substrate, and provide the physical strength required of the restoration. Recent advances in adhesive technology have expanded the options available to the practitioner when selecting a restorative material and luting cement, and new guidelines must be understood accordingly.

Advances in dental ceramic materials and the development of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and milling technology have facilitated the development and application of superior dental ceramics. CAD/CAM allows the use of materials that cannot be used with conventional dental processing techniques. This article reviews the main techniques and new materials used in dentistry for CAD/CAM-generated crowns and fixed partial dentures. Also covered are the clinical guidelines for using these systems.

Aesthetic awareness of dental patients has produced a growing demand for posterior tooth-coloured restorations. This has led to the development of posterior composite resins and, more recently, posterior all-ceramic restorations. In the last decade, modern technological advances have allowed the production of stronger ceramics and better luting techniques, which have led to the use of all-ceramic restorations in posterior sites. The preparation guidelines for posterior ceramic restorations outlined in this paper emphasize rounded internal line angles and a chamfer or rounded shoulder finish-line.

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A review of the literature was done to determine when posts are required for restoring endodontically treated teeth and to give guidance on preparation of post space, design of posts, and use of luting agents. Posts were deemed to be unnecessary when adequate coronal tooth structure was present to retain a core. It was found that tooth structure should not be removed to construct a stronger post. The thinnest post with adequate strength was recommended. For best retention, it was found that post surfaces should not be smooth. When resin reinforced glass ionomer cements were used, they were found to be potentially harmful to restored teeth. Remaining coronal tooth structure was found to have the highest correlation in regard to success of the final restoration of endodontically treated teeth.

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