背景:能量饮料可能引发危及生命的心律失常。据推测,高度刺激和不调节的成分会改变心率,血压,心脏收缩力,和可能导致心律失常的心脏复极。
目的:本研究的目的是描述我们对潜在遗传性心脏病患者在饮用能量饮料时发生的心脏骤停(SCA)的经验。
方法:对所有经证实有心律失常的SCA幸存者的电子病历进行审查,以确定那些在事件发生前饮用能量饮料的患者。患者人口统计学,临床特征,有记录的能量饮料消费,并获得了能量饮料消费与SCA的时间关系。
结果:在144名SCA幸存者中,7(5%;6名女性;SCA平均年龄29±8岁)经历了与能量饮料消耗暂时相关的无法解释的SCA。在这些人中,2例长QT综合征,2例儿茶酚胺能多形性室性心动过速;其余3例诊断为特发性室颤。3名患者(43%)经常饮用能量饮料。六名患者(86%)需要抢救休克,1例(14%)人工复苏。所有SCA幸存者都已停止饮用能量饮料,此后一直没有活动。
结论:总体而言,5%的SCA幸存者在消耗能量饮料附近经历了SCA。尽管需要更大的队列研究来阐明发病率/患病率并量化其确切风险,对这种潜在风险发出预警似乎是谨慎的。
BACKGROUND: Energy drinks potentially can trigger life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. It has been postulated that the highly stimulating and unregulated ingredients alter heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac contractility, and cardiac repolarization in a potentially proarrhythmic manner.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe our experience regarding sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) occurring in proximity to energy drink consumption in patients with underlying genetic heart diseases.
METHODS: The electronic medical records of all SCA survivors with proven arrhythmias referred to the Mayo Clinic Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic for evaluation were reviewed to identify those who consumed an energy drink before their event. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, documented energy drink consumption, and temporal relationship of energy drink consumption to SCA were obtained.
RESULTS: Among 144 SCA survivors, 7 (5%; 6 female; mean age at SCA 29 ± 8 years) experienced an unexplained SCA associated temporally with energy drink consumption. Of these individuals, 2 had long QT syndrome and 2 had catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia; the remaining 3 were diagnosed with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. Three patients (43%) consumed energy drinks regularly. Six patients (86%) required a rescue shock, and 1 (14%) was resuscitated manually. All SCA survivors have quit consuming energy drinks and have been event-free since.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 5% of SCA survivors experienced SCA in proximity to consuming an energy drink. Although larger cohort studies are needed to elucidate the incidence/prevalence and quantify its precise risk, it seems prudent to sound an early warning on this potential risk.